IFNB1 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a cytokine that belongs to the interferon family of signaling proteins, which are released as part of the innate immune response to pathogens. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the type I class of interferons, which are important for defense against viral infections. In addition, type I interferons are involved in cell differentiation and anti-tumor defenses. Following secretion in response to a pathogen, type I interferons bind a homologous receptor complex and induce transcription of genes such as those encoding inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Overactivation of type I interferon secretion is linked to autoimmune diseases. Mice deficient for this gene display several phenotypes including defects in B cell maturation and increased susceptibility to viral infection. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | IFNB1 |
| Official Name | interferon beta 1 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:5434] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000171855 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | interferon beta 1 |
| Synonyms | If1da1, IFB, IFF, IFNB, IFNB1A, IFN-beta, Ifn beta1b, IFN-β, interferon beta 1, interferon beta 1, fibroblast, interferon β 1, interferon β 1, fibroblast, neoferon, recombinant human interferon β 1a, recombinantinterferon beta 1a, recombinantinterferon β 1a |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human IFNB1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor ligand
- IFab
- interferon-alpha/beta receptor binding
- chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase
- protein binding
- cytokine
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the IFNB1 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- Activation of IRF by Cytosolic Pattern Recognition Receptors
- Communication between Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells
- Crosstalk between Dendritic Cells and Natural Killer Cells
- Dendritic Cell Maturation
- Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling
- IL-12 Signaling and Production in Macrophages
- IL-15 Production
- Interferon Signaling
- Neuroinflammation Signaling Pathway
- Retinoic acid Mediated Apoptosis Signaling
- Role of Cytokines in Mediating Communication between Immune Cells
- Role of Hypercytokinemia/hyperchemokinemia in the Pathogenesis of Influenza
- Role of JAK1, JAK2 and TYK2 in Interferon Signaling
- Role of Lipids/Lipid Rafts in the Pathogenesis of Influenza
- Role of MAPK Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Influenza
- Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Recognition of Bacteria and Viruses
- Role of PI3K/AKT Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Influenza
- Role of PKR in Interferon Induction and Antiviral Response
- Role of RIG1-like Receptors in Antiviral Innate Immunity
- Role of WNT/GSK-3β Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Influenza
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- infection
- osteopenia
- neoplasia
- metastasis
- motor dysfunction
- experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- weight loss
- multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
- multiple sclerosis
regulated by
- palmitic acid
- troglitazone
- sphingosine-1-phosphate
- wortmannin
- ethanol
- IgG
- LY294002
- bleomycin
- sodium chloride
- zymosan
role in cell
- expression in
- production in
- migration
- differentiation
- S phase
- apoptosis
- activation in
- transcription in
- activity
- chemotaxis
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
- plasma
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human IFNB1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- T cell activation involved in immune response
- response to virus
- JAK-STAT cascade
- B cell activation involved in immune response
- cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
- response to exogenous dsRNA
- humoral immune response
- defense response to virus
- natural killer cell activation
- negative regulation of viral genome replication
- negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production
- cellular response to interferon-beta
- B cell differentiation
- adaptive immune response
- B cell proliferation
- cell surface receptor signaling pathway
- type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway
- natural killer cell activation involved in immune response
- positive regulation of autophagy
- negative regulation of T cell differentiation
- neuron homeostasis
- cellular response to exogenous dsRNA
- positive regulation of innate immune response
- regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process
- innate immune response
- positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular space
- extracellular region
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- protein binding
- interferon-alpha/beta receptor binding
- cytokine activity
- chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase activity
- cytokine receptor binding