TYK2
TYK2 Gene Summary
This gene encodes a member of the tyrosine kinase and, more specifically, the Janus kinases (JAKs) protein families. This protein associates with the cytoplasmic domain of type I and type II cytokine receptors and promulgate cytokine signals by phosphorylating receptor subunits. It is also a component of both the type I and type III interferon signaling pathways. As such, it may play a role in anti-viral immunity. A mutation in this gene has been associated with Immunodeficiency 35. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2020]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | TYK2 |
| Official Name | tyrosine kinase 2 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:12440] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000105397 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | tyrosine kinase 2 |
| Synonyms | IMD35,JTK1,tyrosine kinase 2 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Jak Homology domain
- G-protein-coupled receptor binding
- protein-tyrosine kinase
- Protein kinase domain
- FERM domain
- Src homology 2 (SH2) domain
- FERM domain B-lobe
- Tyrosine kinase, catalytic domain
- Band 4.1 homologues
- Protein kinase (unclassified specificity)
- catalytic domain
- Protein tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase
- kinase-like domain
- nuclear localization sequence
- non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase
- FERM F1 ubiquitin-like domain
- protein binding
- Pleckstrin homology-like domain
- pseudo kinase domain
- kinase
- Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain
- kinase domain
- Protein Kinases, catalytic domain
- Ubl1_cv_Nsp3_N-like
- Jak1 pleckstrin homology-like domain
- tyrosine kinase domain
- active site
- growth hormone receptor binding
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the TYK2 gene plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- CNTF Signaling
- ErbB2-ErbB3 Signaling
- Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling
- IL-15 Production
- IL-17A Signaling in Airway Cells
- IL-22 Signaling
- iNOS Signaling
- Interferon Signaling
- JAK/Stat Signaling
- Oncostatin M Signaling
- Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Signaling
- Regulation of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Pathway
- Role of Hypercytokinemia/hyperchemokinemia in the Pathogenesis of Influenza
- Role of JAK1, JAK2 and TYK2 in Interferon Signaling
- Role of JAK2 in Hormone-like Cytokine Signaling
- Role of NANOG in Mammalian Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency
- Role of PKR in Interferon Induction and Antiviral Response
- SPINK1 General Cancer Pathway
- STAT3 Pathway
- Th1 Pathway
- Th17 Activation Pathway
- Th2 Pathway
- Transcriptional Regulatory Network in Embryonic Stem Cells
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
binds
- HSP90AA1
- TK1
- EGFR
- STAT5A/B
- IFNAR1
- STAT1
- TOP3B
- CD79A
- KHDRBS2
- RAF1
disease
- rheumatoid arthritis
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- plaque psoriasis
- COVID-19
- acute myeloid leukemia
- multiple sclerosis
- atopic dermatitis
- ulcerative colitis
- juvenile psoriatic arthritis
- psoriasis
regulated by
- hydrogen peroxide
- IFN
- HGF
- F2
- lipopolysaccharide
- reactive oxygen species
- TNF
- tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
- TGFB1
- cyclic AMP
regulates
- IL6
- cholesterol
- IL10
- NFkB (complex)
- LBP
- PTAFR
- Cxcl10
- fatty acid
- IL1B
- STAT4
role in cell
- quantity
- cellular infiltration by
- expression in
- phosphorylation in
- activation in
- proliferation
- response
- cell death
- formation
- binding
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- intracellular space
- focal adhesions
- Nucleus
- Plasma Membrane
- cytosol
- cell membrane leading edge
- cytoplasmic fraction
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the TYK2 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
BIOLOGICAL PROCESS
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus
- JAK-STAT cascade involved in growth hormone signaling pathway
- interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
- positive regulation of T cell proliferation
- protein phosphorylation
- type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway
- JAK-STAT cascade
- positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade
- positive regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response
- immune response
- positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation
- cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
- positive regulation of interferon-gamma production
- positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation
- cell differentiation
- positive regulation of interleukin-17 production
- intracellular signal transduction
- interleukin-12-mediated signaling pathway
CELLULAR COMPONENT
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- cytoskeleton
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- cytoplasm
- interleukin-23 receptor complex
- interleukin-12 receptor complex
- extrinsic to internal side of plasma membrane
- cytosol
- extrinsic to plasma membrane
- plasma membrane
- internal side of plasma membrane
MOLECULAR FUNCTION
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- ATP binding
- protein tyrosine kinase activity
- type 1 angiotensin receptor binding
- protein binding
- non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity
- growth hormone receptor binding