IL6

IL6 Gene Summary

This gene encodes a cytokine that functions in inflammation and the maturation of B cells. In addition, the encoded protein has been shown to be an endogenous pyrogen capable of inducing fever in people with autoimmune diseases or infections. The protein is primarily produced at sites of acute and chronic inflammation, where it is secreted into the serum and induces a transcriptional inflammatory response through interleukin 6 receptor, alpha. The functioning of this gene is implicated in a wide variety of inflammation-associated disease states, including suspectibility to diabetes mellitus and systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Elevated levels of the encoded protein have been found in virus infections, including COVID-19 (disease caused by SARS-CoV-2). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

Details

Type
Protein Coding
Official Symbol
IL6
Official Name
interleukin 6 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:6018]
Ensembl ID
ENSG00000136244
Bio databases IDs NCBI: 3569 Ensembl: ENSG00000136244
Aliases interleukin 6, interferon, beta 2
Synonyms
BSF-2,CDF,FDGI,HGF,HSF,IFNB2,IFN-beta-2,IFN beta 2A,IFN-β-2,IFN β 2A,ILg6,interleukin-6
Species
Human, Homo sapiens

Protein Domains

A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
  • receptor binding domain
  • AB loop
  • CD loop
  • interleukin-6 receptor binding
  • Interleukin-6/G-CSF/MGF family
  • protein binding
  • receptor binding
  • cytokine
  • identical protein binding
  • gp130 binding domain
  • growth factor
  • D helix

Top Findings

The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
binds
  • ESR1
  • ALB
  • BRD2
  • IL6R
  • CEBPA
  • ATF3
  • LEF1
  • IL6ST
  • RELA
  • RELB
disease
  • non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
  • chronic kidney disease
  • diabetes mellitus
  • cardiovascular disorder
  • chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • neoplasia
  • metastasis
  • hepatitis
  • heart failure
  • coronary disease
regulated by
  • isoflurane
  • CYP2E1
  • testosterone
  • tofacitinib
  • CYP19A1
  • STS
  • CYP2C8
  • SULT1E1
  • androstenediol
  • letrozole
regulates
  • Collagen(s)
  • reactive oxygen species
  • ERK1/2
  • CASP3
  • MAPK8
  • CASP9
  • G6PD
  • LIPE
  • beta-estradiol
  • NCOA1
role in cell
  • quantity
  • growth
  • proliferation
  • generation in
  • migration
  • cell viability
  • expression in
  • accumulation in
  • sphere formation
  • apoptosis

Subcellular Expression

Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
  • Extracellular Space
  • Cytoplasm
  • cell surface
  • intracellular space
  • cellular membrane
  • Nucleus
  • Plasma Membrane
  • vesicles
  • endoplasmic reticulum lumen
  • plasma membrane extracellular face
  • specific granules
  • secretory granules
  • exosomes
  • plasma

Gene Ontology Annotations

Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the IL6 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.

BIOLOGICAL PROCESS

Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
  • positive regulation of translation
  • response to peptidoglycan
  • regulation of angiogenesis
  • positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
  • regulation of glucagon secretion
  • positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
  • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
  • positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response
  • glucagon secretion
  • positive regulation of acute inflammatory response
  • regulation of insulin secretion
  • germinal center B cell differentiation
  • inflammatory response
  • negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process
  • positive regulation of B cell activation
  • negative regulation of primary miRNA processing
  • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
  • humoral immune response
  • T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment
  • positive regulation of immunoglobulin production
  • positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process
  • defense response to virus
  • positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
  • regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production
  • positive regulation of chemokine production
  • vascular endothelial growth factor production
  • maintenance of blood-brain barrier
  • defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
  • positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production
  • positive regulation vascular endothelial growth factor production
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
  • negative regulation of chemokine production
  • positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis
  • positive regulation of T cell proliferation
  • negative regulation of bone resorption
  • positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade
  • positive regulation of interleukin-8 production
  • neutrophil mediated immunity
  • hepatocyte proliferation
  • positive regulation of gene expression
  • glucose homeostasis
  • negative regulation of neurogenesis
  • response to activity
  • positive regulation of interleukin-6 production
  • negative regulation of cell proliferation
  • positive regulation of cell proliferation
  • hepatic immune response
  • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
  • positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation
  • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
  • positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
  • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
  • response to glucocorticoid stimulus
  • positive regulation of interleukin-17 production
  • interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway
  • cellular response to hydrogen peroxide
  • endocrine pancreas development
  • positive regulation of interleukin-21 production
  • platelet activation
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
  • defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
  • neuron projection development
  • positive regulation of glial cell proliferation
  • negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
  • positive regulation of MAPK cascade
  • acute-phase response
  • neutrophil apoptotic process
  • positive regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly
  • neuron homeostasis
  • cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
  • monocyte chemotaxis
  • negative regulation of apoptotic process
  • positive regulation of apoptotic process
  • negative regulation of lipid storage
  • negative regulation of interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway
  • positive regulation of interleukin-10 production
  • positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production

CELLULAR COMPONENT

Where in the cell the gene product is active
  • endoplasmic reticulum lumen
  • extracellular space
  • extracellular region
  • interleukin-6 receptor complex

MOLECULAR FUNCTION

What the gene product does at the molecular level
  • growth factor activity
  • protein binding
  • cytokine activity
  • interleukin-6 receptor binding

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