Ptgs2 Gene Summary [Mouse]
This gene encodes an enzyme that is a member of the prostaglandin G/H synthase family. The encoded protein converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandin endoperoxide H2 which is a key enzymatic step in prostaglandin biosynthesis. This gene is the inducible prostaglandin G/H synthase family member that is upregulated during inflammation. Aberrant regulation of this gene is associated with cancer progression in several tissues and an increased risk of cardiovascular events. This gene is the target of many non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | Ptgs2 |
| Official Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 [Source:MGI Symbol;Acc:MGI:97798] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSMUSG00000032487 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 |
| Synonyms | Cox, COX-2, CYCLO-OXYGENASE 2, GRIPGHS, hCox-2, hnCOX-2, INDUCIBLE CYCLOOXYGENASE, PES-2, PGG/HS, PGHS-2, PGH synthase 2, Pgi2 synthase, Pgs2, Pgsi, PHS-2, PHS II, Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2, TIS10 |
| Species | Mouse, Mus musculus |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in mouse Ptgs2 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- cyclooxygenase
- enzyme binding
- Animal haem peroxidase
- enzyme
- Animal heme peroxidases and related proteins
- protein binding
- heme binding
- EGF_CA
- peroxidase
- protein homodimerization
- tail domain
- single donor 2 atom incorporation:oxygen oxidoreductase
- paired donor oxygen oxidoreductase
- single donor oxygen oxidoreductase
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the Ptgs2 gene in mouse plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- Cancer Drug Resistance By Drug Efflux
- CD40 Signaling
- Cholecystokinin/Gastrin-mediated Signaling
- Colorectal Cancer Metastasis Signaling
- Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Signaling
- Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Signaling
- Eicosanoid Signaling
- Endothelin-1 Signaling
- Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling
- HER-2 Signaling in Breast Cancer
- HGF Signaling
- IL-17 Signaling
- IL-8 Signaling
- ILK Signaling
- LXR/RXR Activation
- MIF Regulation of Innate Immunity
- MIF-mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation
- Neuroinflammation Signaling Pathway
- Osteoarthritis Pathway
- Ovarian Cancer Signaling
- Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Signaling
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
regulated by
- NADPH
- cholesterol
- CYP7A1
- tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
- PD98059
- curcumin
- indomethacin
- NS-398
- bisindolylmaleimide I
- resolvin D1
disease
- neoplasia
- cancer
- epithelial cancer
- ovarian cancer
- diarrhea
- infection
- plasma cell myeloma
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- otitis media
- urolithiasis
phenotypes
- abnormal adipose tissue physiology
- abnormal blood coagulation
- abnormal bone healing
- abnormal choriocapillaris morphology
- abnormal class switch recombination
- abnormal colon morphology
- abnormal corpus luteum morphology
- abnormal cumulus expansion
- abnormal decidualization
- abnormal drinking behavior
- abnormal endochondral bone ossification
- abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level
- abnormal fertility/fecundity
- abnormal induced retinal neovascularization
- abnormal inhibitory postsynaptic currents
- abnormal intestinal mucosa morphology
- abnormal keratinocyte differentiation
- abnormal kidney capsule morphology
- abnormal kidney collecting duct morphology
- abnormal kidney cortex morphology
- abnormal kidney corticomedullary boundary morphology
- abnormal kidney development
- abnormal kidney mesenchyme morphology
- abnormal kidney morphology
- abnormal kidney papilla morphology
- abnormal lipid homeostasis
- abnormal liver morphology
- abnormal macrophage physiology
- abnormal memory B cell differentiation
- abnormal mesenteric lymph node morphology
- abnormal nephrogenic zone morphology
- abnormal nociception after inflammation
- abnormal osteoclast differentiation
- abnormal platelet physiology
- abnormal primary polar body morphology
- abnormal proximal convoluted tubule morphology
- abnormal renal glomerulus morphology
- abnormal renal tubule morphology
- abnormal reproductive system physiology
- abnormal response to infection
- abnormal response to injury
- abnormal response/metabolism to endogenous compounds
- abnormal skeletal muscle regeneration
- abnormal stomach pH
- abnormal superovulation
- abnormal thrombolysis
- abnormal thrombosis
- abnormal urine homeostasis
- abnormal wound healing
- absent corpus luteum
- allodynia
- altered response of heart to induced stress
- altered response to CNS ischemic injury
- anemia
- cardiac fibrosis
- cortical renal glomerulopathies
- decreased IgG1 level
- decreased IgG2a level
- decreased IgG3 level
- decreased aggression
- decreased cerebral infarction size
- decreased hematocrit
- decreased incidence of tumors by chemical induction
- decreased kidney weight
- decreased lactate dehydrogenase level
- decreased litter size
- decreased nephron number
- decreased ovulation rate
- decreased physiological sensitivity to xenobiotic
- decreased platelet calcium level
- decreased prostaglandin level
- decreased renal glomerular filtration rate
- decreased renal glomerulus number
- decreased survivor rate
- decreased susceptibility to endotoxin shock
- decreased susceptibility to induced arthritis
- decreased susceptibility to induced pancreatitis
- decreased susceptibility to injury
- decreased susceptibility to neuronal excitotoxicity
- decreased total fat pad weight
- decreased urine prostaglandin level
- decreased vascular permeability
- dilated renal tubules
- enlarged spleen
- failure of embryo implantation
- female infertility
- glomerulosclerosis
- granular kidney
- impaired febrile response
- impaired fertilization
- impaired granulosa cell differentiation
- increased IgM level
- increased blood urea nitrogen level
- increased body weight
- increased chemical nociceptive threshold
- increased circulating creatinine level
- increased circulating follicle stimulating hormone level
- increased circulating insulin level
- increased circulating leptin level
- increased circulating luteinizing hormone level
- increased heart weight
- increased incidence of induced tumors
- increased leukocyte cell number
- increased platelet aggregation
- increased prostaglandin level
- increased sensitivity to xenobiotic induced morbidity/mortality
- increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity
- increased susceptibility to endotoxin shock
- increased susceptibility to induced colitis
- increased susceptibility to neuronal excitotoxicity
- increased susceptibility to pharmacologically induced seizures
- increased systemic arterial blood pressure
- increased systemic arterial diastolic blood pressure
- increased systemic arterial systolic blood pressure
- increased thermal nociceptive threshold
- increased tumor necrosis factor secretion
- increased urine prostaglandin level
- intestinal edema
- kidney cortex atrophy
- kidney cortex cysts
- kidney corticomedullary cysts
- kidney cysts
- kidney degeneration
- kidney failure
- kidney inflammation
- kidney medulla hypoplasia
- neonatal lethality incomplete penetrance
- nephrocalcinosis
- no abnormal phenotype detected
- pale kidney
- pancreas necrosis
- patent ductus arteriosus
- peritoneal inflammation
- postnatal lethality
- postnatal lethality incomplete penetrance
- premature death
- preweaning lethality incomplete penetrance
- proximal convoluted tubule brush border loss
- pulmonary interstitial fibrosis
- pyelonephritis
- reduced female fertility
- renal cast
- renal glomerulus cysts
- renal glomerulus fibrosis
- renal glomerulus hypertrophy
- renal interstitial fibrosis
- renal tubule atrophy
- renal tubule hypertrophy
- small kidney
- small ovary
- spleen hyperplasia
- tonic-clonic seizures
- tubulointerstitial nephritis
- weight loss
role in cell
- cell death
- induction in
- necrosis
- differentiation
- survival
- expression in
- proliferation
- apoptosis
- growth
- cell viability
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- microsomal fraction
- nuclear fraction
- soluble fraction
- membrane fraction
- lipid-rich fraction
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- perinuclear membrane
- perinuclear region
- Nucleus
- Plasma Membrane
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- intercellular junctions
- cytosol
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- endoplasmic reticulum lumen
- caveolae
- inner nuclear membrane
- perinuclear space
- outer nuclear membrane
- nuclear envelope
- dendritic spines
- neurites
- dendritic trees
- rough endoplasmatic reticulum
- microsomal membrane
- perikaryon
- dendrites
- dendritic branches
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the mouse Ptgs2 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation
- response to fructose stimulus
- decidualization
- learning
- positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis
- memory
- brown fat cell differentiation
- cellular response to fluid shear stress
- positive regulation of synaptic plasticity
- negative regulation of calcium ion transport
- positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
- cellular response to hypoxia
- maintenance of blood-brain barrier
- positive regulation vascular endothelial growth factor production
- positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
- positive regulation of protein import into nucleus
- positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process
- cellular response to lead ion
- prostaglandin biosynthetic process
- response to estradiol stimulus
- regulation of inflammatory response
- prostaglandin secretion
- positive regulation of fever generation
- response to tumor necrosis factor
- response to manganese ion
- positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
- response to vitamin D
- negative regulation of cell proliferation
- positive regulation of vasoconstriction
- negative regulation of cell cycle
- response to xenobiotic stimulus
- positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production
- hair cycle
- negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction
- positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction
- positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
- cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stress
- response to oxidative stress
- cellular response to heat
- angiogenesis
- response to glucocorticoid stimulus
- response to fatty acid
- cellular response to ATP
- negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic
- positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production
- bone mineralization
- positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor production
- regulation of blood pressure
- response to nematode
- embryo implantation
- cellular response to mechanical stimulus
- cyclooxygenase pathway
- positive regulation of apoptotic process
- response to lipopolysaccharide
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- endoplasmic reticulum lumen
- nuclear inner membrane
- caveola
- cytoplasm
- macromolecular complex
- endoplasmic reticulum
- nuclear outer membrane
- neuron projection
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- peroxidase activity
- prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
- oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen
- protein binding
- protein homodimerization activity
- metal ion binding
- heme binding
- enzyme binding