PREX2 Gene Summary
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3)-dependent Rac exchanger (PREX) family, which are Dbl-type guanine-nucleotide exchange factors for Rac family small G proteins. Structural domains of this protein include the catalytic diffuse B-cell lymphoma homology and pleckstrin homology (DHPH) domain, two disheveled, EGL-10, and pleckstrin homology (DEP) domains, two PDZ domains, and a C-terminal inositol polyphosphate-4 phosphatase (IP4P) domain that is found in one of the isoforms. This protein facilitates the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rac1, allowing the GTP-bound Rac1 to activate downstream effectors. Studies also show that the pleckstrin homology domain of this protein interacts with the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene product to inhibit PTEN phosphatase activity, thus activating the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway. Conversely, the PTEN gene product has also been shown to inhibit the GEF activity of this protein. This gene plays a role in insulin-signaling pathways, and either mutations or overexpression of this gene have been observed in some cancers. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | PREX2 |
| Official Name | phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 2 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:22950] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000046889 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 2, protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 129 |
| Synonyms | 6230420N16RIK,C030045D06RIK,D430013K02,DEP.2,DEPDC2,FLJ12987,phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor 2,PPP1R129 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Domain found in Dishevelled, Egl-10, and Pleckstrin (DEP)
- DEP
- Domain present in PSD-95, Dlg, and ZO-1/2
- RhoGEF
- guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor
- canonical PDZ domain
- PH domain
- GTPase activator
- Pleckstrin homology-like domain
- PDZ domain
- RhoGEF domain
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the PREX2 gene plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- epithelial cancer
- metastasis
- insulin resistance
- lip cancer
- clear-cell ovarian carcinoma
- clear cell ovarian cancer
- melanoma cancer
- pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
- pancreatic epithelial cancer
- ductal pancreatic cancer
role in cell
- activation in
- phosphorylation in
- morphogenesis
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- Plasma Membrane
- cytosol
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the PREX2 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
biological PROCESS
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- protein kinase B signaling cascade
- regulation of signaling
- G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction
- adult locomotory behavior
- positive regulation of GTPase activity
- dendrite morphogenesis
cellular COMPONENT
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- cytosol
- plasma membrane
molecular FUNCTION
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- GTPase activator activity
- guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity