GRM5 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a member of the G-protein coupled receptor 3 protein family. The encoded protein is a metabatropic glutamate receptor, whose signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. This protein may be involved in the regulation of neural network activity and synaptic plasticity. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. A pseudogene of this gene has been defined on chromosome 11. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | GRM5 |
| Official Name | glutamate metabotropic receptor 5 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:4597] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000168959 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | glutamate metabotropic receptor 5, protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 86 |
| Synonyms | 6430542K11Rik, Glu5R, glutamate metabotropic receptor 5, glutamate receptor, metabotropic 5, GPRC1E, Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5a, Mglu5, Mglu5 receptor, MGLUR5, Mglur5a, PPP1R86 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human GRM5 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- G-protein coupled receptor
- Receptor family ligand binding region
- protein kinase binding
- calmodulin binding
- G-protein-coupled receptor binding
- 7 transmembrane sweet-taste receptor of 3 GCPR
- protein binding
- identical protein binding
- seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily
- glutamate receptor
- protein tyrosine kinase activator
- PDZ-domain binding
- PLC activating metabotropic glutamate receptor
- cytoplasmic domain
- Type 1 periplasmic binding fold superfamily
- transmembrane domain
- Homer-binding domain of metabotropic glutamate receptor
- Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR
- extracellular loop
- PDZ binding motif
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the GRM5 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1
- Cellular Effects of Sildenafil (Viagra)
- CREB Signaling in Neurons
- FAK Signaling
- G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling
- Glutamate Receptor Signaling
- Gαq Signaling
- Huntington's Disease Signaling
- Neuropathic Pain Signaling In Dorsal Horn Neurons
- Phagosome Formation
- Synaptic Long Term Potentiation
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- COVID-19
- hypertension
- schizophrenia
- cancer
- depressive disorder
- seizures
- idiopathic scoliosis
- sunburn
- hearing loss
- rheumatoid arthritis
role in cell
- phosphorylation in
- production in
- apoptosis
- proliferation
- activation
- expression in
- long term synaptic depression
- activation in
- density
- binding
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- presynaptic active zone
- extrasynaptic compartment
- glutaminergic synapse
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- perisynaptic region
- membrane surface
- cellular membrane
- Nucleus
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- postsynaptic membrane
- synaptic membrane
- nuclear envelope
- insulin secretory granules
- dendritic spines
- dendritic spine head
- synaptic vesicles
- neurites
- nerve ending
- synaptosomes
- synapse
- microsomal membrane
- membrane rafts
- perikaryon
- axons
- dendrites
- postsynaptic density
- presynaptic terminals
- dendritic shafts
- astrocyte projections
- presynaptic dense projection
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human GRM5 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential
- synapse organization
- adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway
- regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- synaptic transmission
- positive regulation of MAPK cascade
- learning
- G-protein coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway
- protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway
- learning or memory
- positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling
- desensitization of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
- locomotory behavior
- cognition
- regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
- positive regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- dendrite
- cytoplasm
- dendritic shaft
- dendritic spine
- plasma membrane
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- G-protein coupled receptor activity
- identical protein binding
- protein binding
- glutamate receptor activity
- protein tyrosine kinase activator activity
- adenylate cyclase inhibiting G-protein coupled glutamate receptor activity
- A2A adenosine receptor binding