Thrb Gene Summary [Mouse]
Enables chromatin DNA binding activity and nuclear receptor activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including female mating behavior; regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; and retinal cone cell apoptotic process. Located in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including brown fat; endocrine gland; liver; sensory organ; and vestibulo-cochlear ganglion. Used to study attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; follicular thyroid carcinoma; and thyroid hormone resistance syndrome. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including breast cancer (multiple); cervix uteri carcinoma in situ; renal cell carcinoma; selective pituitary thyroid hormone resistance; and thyroid hormone resistance syndrome. Orthologous to human THRB (thyroid hormone receptor beta). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | Thrb |
| Official Name | thyroid hormone receptor beta [Source:MGI Symbol;Acc:MGI:98743] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSMUSG00000021779 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | thyroid hormone receptor beta |
| Synonyms | C-ERBA-2, C-ERBA-BETA, C-ERBA-β, ERBA2, GRTH, NR1A2, PRTH, RATT3REC, T3R[b], T3Rbeta, T3rec, THR1, Thrb1, THRbeta, THRbeta1, Thrbeta2, thyroid hormone receptor beta, THYROID HORMONE receptor beta2, Thyroid hormone receptor β, TRb, TRbeta, TR β |
| Species | Mouse, Mus musculus |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in mouse Thrb often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- DNA-binding domain of nuclear receptors is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers
- A/B region
- transcription factor binding
- AF-2 transcription activation domain
- chromatin binding
- CoR box
- identical protein binding
- hormone binding domain
- RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
- nuclear receptor ligand binding domain
- P-box
- AF-1 domain
- ligand-binding domain
- ligand-dependent nuclear receptor
- corepressor binding domain
- a/b binding pocket
- hormone binding
- dimerization domain
- amphipathic helix
- DNA binding domain
- alpha helix
- enzyme binding
- protein binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding
- DNA binding
- T3 binding domain
- double-stranded DNA binding
- hinge domain
- thyroid hormone receptor binding domain
- Ligand-binding domain of nuclear hormone receptor
- C-terminal extension
- transcription factor activity
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the Thrb gene in mouse plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- depressive disorder
- major depression
- metastasis
- advanced cancer
- cancer
- epithelial neoplasia
- adenoma formation
- head and neck neoplasia
- hypothyroidism
- lung cancer
phenotypes
- decreased circulating free fatty acid level
- decreased circulating glycerol level
- decreased hemoglobin content
- tremors
- abnormal Purkinje cell morphology
- abnormal bone mineralization
- abnormal bone structure
- abnormal cerebellar Purkinje cell layer
- abnormal chondrocyte physiology
- abnormal circulating hormone level
- abnormal cochlea morphology
- abnormal cochlear inner hair cell physiology
- abnormal cochlear nerve compound action potential
- abnormal cochlear outer hair cell physiology
- abnormal cone electrophysiology
- abnormal cranium morphology
- abnormal distortion product otoacoustic emission
- abnormal epiphyseal plate morphology
- abnormal fetal growth/weight/body size
- abnormal habituation
- abnormal limb morphology
- abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology
- abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate proliferative zone
- abnormal long bone hypertrophic chondrocyte zone
- abnormal organ of Corti morphology
- abnormal osteoclast physiology
- abnormal pillar cell morphology
- abnormal pituitary gland physiology
- abnormal pituitary hormone level
- abnormal response/metabolism to endogenous compounds
- abnormal retinal cone cell morphology
- abnormal skeleton development
- abnormal spatial learning
- abnormal tectorial membrane morphology
- abnormal tectorial membrane striated-sheet matrix morphology
- abnormal thyroid follicle morphology
- abnormal thyroid gland physiology
- abnormal thyroid hormone level
- abnormal trabecular bone morphology
- absent distortion product otoacoustic emissions
- audiogenic seizures
- cochlear hair cell degeneration
- cochlear outer hair cell degeneration
- deafness
- decreased Purkinje cell number
- decreased body length
- decreased body size
- decreased body weight
- decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor I level
- decreased circulating thyroxine level
- decreased cochlear microphonics
- decreased cochlear outer hair cell electromotility
- decreased cochlear outer hair cell number
- decreased compact bone thickness
- decreased excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude
- decreased long bone epiphyseal plate size
- decreased trabecular bone thickness
- decreased vertical activity
- degeneration of organ of Corti supporting cells
- delayed inner ear development
- detached tectorial membrane
- enlarged pituitary gland
- enlarged tectorial membrane
- enlarged thyroid gland
- hyperactivity
- impaired hearing
- impaired learning
- impaired synaptic plasticity
- increased activity of thyroid gland
- increased cardiac cell glucose uptake
- increased circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level
- increased circulating thyroxine level
- increased circulating triiodothyronine level
- increased compact bone thickness
- increased heart rate
- increased or absent threshold for auditory brainstem response
- increased osteoclast cell number
- increased pituitary adenoma incidence
- increased thyroid carcinoma incidence
- increased thyroid gland weight
- increased thyroid-stimulating hormone level
- increased thyrotroph cell number
- increased thyroxine level
- increased triiodothyronine level
- organ of Corti degeneration
- osteoporosis
- postnatal growth retardation
- premature cranial suture closure
- premature death
- premature endochondral bone ossification
- premature intramembranous bone ossification
- reduced long term potentiation
- respiratory distress
- sensorineural hearing loss
- short cochlear outer hair cells
- short femur
- short limbs
- short tail
- short tibia
- small cerebellum
- small fontanelles
- spiral ligament degeneration
- thin cerebellar molecular layer
- thyroid gland hyperplasia
role in cell
- number
- expression in
- proliferation
- growth
- quantity
- migration
- apoptosis
- transcription in
- phosphorylation in
- colony formation
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Nucleus
- myelin enriched fraction
- nuclear fraction
- Cytoplasm
- perinuclear region
- cytosol
- basolateral membrane
- nucleoplasm
- nuclear bodies
- nuclear envelope
- chromatin
- dendrites
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the mouse Thrb gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- mRNA transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- female courtship behavior
- transcription, DNA-dependent
- regulation of heart contraction
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway
- retinal cone cell development
- negative regulation of female receptivity
- positive regulation of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway
- cellular response to thyroid hormone stimulus
- negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- sensory perception of sound
- retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway
- Type I pneumocyte differentiation
- cell differentiation
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- nuclear body
- chromatin
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- chromatin DNA binding
- DNA binding
- zinc ion binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
- protein binding
- ligand-activated sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity
- RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding
- thyroid hormone binding
- enzyme binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity
- transcription coactivator binding