Melanoma Signaling
Melanoma progressses through 5 phenotypically distinct stages: benign nevus, dysplastic nevus, radial-growth phase, vertical-growth phase, culminating in metastatic melanoma. Environmental and genetic factors play a role in the disease progression. Oncogenic mutations in B-Raf and N-Ras activate the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway while mutations in N-Ras and PTEN activate the PI3K-AKT pathway leading to uncontrolled proliferation and cell survival. These mutations arise early during melanoma pathogenesis and are preserved throughout tumor progression....
Pathway Summary
Melanoma progressses through 5 phenotypically distinct stages: benign nevus, dysplastic nevus, radial-growth phase, vertical-growth phase, culminating in metastatic melanoma. Environmental and genetic factors play a role in the disease progression. Oncogenic mutations in B-Raf and N-Ras activate the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway while mutations in N-Ras and PTEN activate the PI3K-AKT pathway leading to uncontrolled proliferation and cell survival. These mutations arise early during melanoma pathogenesis and are preserved throughout tumor progression.Melanoma development is also associated with genetic alterations to genes in tumor supressor pathways. Genes that are mutated include p16INK4a and CDK4 from the retiblastoma pathway and p14/ARF and p53 from the p53 pathway.Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) acts as a master regulator of melanocyte development, function and survival by modulating differentiation and cell-cycle progression genes. MITF is an amplified oncogene in a fraction of human melanomas.
Melanoma Signaling Genes list
Explore Genes related to Melanoma Signaling
AKT1AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 AKT2AKT serine/threonine kinase 2 AKT3AKT serine/threonine kinase 3 BADBCL2 associated agonist of cell death BRAFB-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase CCND1cyclin D1 CDH1cadherin 1 CDK4cyclin dependent kinase 4 CDKN1Acyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A CDKN2Acyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A E2F1E2F transcription factor 1 ERASES cell expressed Ras HRASHRas proto-oncogene, GTPase KRASKRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase MAP2K1mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 MAP2K2mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 MAPK1mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 MAPK14mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 MAPK3mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 MDM2MDM2 proto-oncogene MITFmelanocyte inducing transcription factor MRASmuscle RAS oncogene homolog NRASNRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase PIK3C2Aphosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 2 alpha PIK3C2Bphosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 2 beta PIK3C2Gphosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 2 gamma PIK3C3phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 PIK3CAphosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha PIK3CBphosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta PIK3CDphosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta PIK3CGphosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma PIK3R1phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 PIK3R2phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 PIK3R3phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 PIK3R4phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 PIK3R5phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 PIK3R6phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 PTENphosphatase and tensin homolog RAF1Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase RALARAS like proto-oncogene A RALBRAS like proto-oncogene B RAP1ARAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family RAP1BRAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family RAP2ARAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family RAP2BRAP2B, member of RAS oncogene family RASD1ras related dexamethasone induced 1 RASD2RASD family member 2 RB1RB transcriptional corepressor 1 RRASRAS related RRAS2RAS related 2 TP53tumor protein p53