Support
icon_0328_cc_gen_hmr_bacteria-s

Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1

Stathmin-1 (Stmn1), also referred to as oncoprotein-18 (Op18), is an evolutionarily well conserved 17 kDa cytoplasmic phosphoprotein that is highly expressed in a wide variety of cancers; its abundance seems to be necessary for the maintenance of transformed phenotypes. Breast cancers exhibit high levels of Stmn1, which plays a regulatory role in microtubule dynamics. One of the key properties of microtubules is that of 'dynamic instability' which comprises the continuous switching between catastrophes (depolymerization or shrinkage phase) and rescues (polymerization or growing phase) of individual microtubules. Stmn1 regulates microtubule dynamics by promoting depolymerization of microtubules and/or preventing polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Upon entry into mitosis, microtubules polymerize to form the mitotic spindle, a cellular structure that is essential for accurate chromosome segregation and cell division...

Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1

Pathway Summary

Stathmin-1 (Stmn1), also referred to as oncoprotein-18 (Op18), is an evolutionarily well conserved 17 kDa cytoplasmic phosphoprotein that is highly expressed in a wide variety of cancers; its abundance seems to be necessary for the maintenance of transformed phenotypes. Breast cancers exhibit high levels of Stmn1, which plays a regulatory role in microtubule dynamics. One of the key properties of microtubules is that of 'dynamic instability' which comprises the continuous switching between catastrophes (depolymerization or shrinkage phase) and rescues (polymerization or growing phase) of individual microtubules. Stmn1 regulates microtubule dynamics by promoting depolymerization of microtubules and/or preventing polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Upon entry into mitosis, microtubules polymerize to form the mitotic spindle, a cellular structure that is essential for accurate chromosome segregation and cell division. The microtubule-depolymerizing activity of Stmn1 is switched off at the onset of mitosis by phosphorylation to allow microtubule polymerization and assembly of the mitotic spindle. Phosphorylated Stmn1 has to be reactivated by dephosphorylation before cells exit mitosis and enter a new interphase.Stmn1 is phosphorylated on up to four sites (Ser16, Ser25, Ser38 and Ser63) in response to regulatory signals within cells in order to maintain equilibrium during microtubule polymerization. Various protein kinases that are known to phosphorylate Stmn1 include CamKs, MAPKs, CDKs, PKA, PRKX and KIS (kinase interacting stathmin). Upstream factors that activate these kinases include hormones and neurotransmitters acting through GPCRs. G-protein signaling couples Rac and Cdc42 activation with RhoA activation, to phosphorylate and inactivate Stmn1. Rac and Cdc42 relay signals to PAK1 and cyclins that in turn inhibit anti-microtubule action of Stmn1 through phosphorylation. RhoA acting independently of ROCK, also modulates the cell cycle by regulating expression of p21(CIP1) and p27(KIP1) and this reflects on Stmn1 phosphorylation and tubulin dynamics. Dephosphorylation of Stmn1 by an okadaic acid sensitive PP1 and PP2A is crucial for the ability of cells to exit mitosis. A similar effect is also shown by taxanes, group of chemotherapy drugs that includes taxol and taxotere, specifically used to kill cancer cells of mammary gland by stopping their growth.Stmn1 promotes microtubule-destabilization by promoting microtubule depolymerization or by a tubulin sequestering activity that inhibits microtubule polymerization. Both activities are regulated by phosphorylation, which inactivates Stmn1, prevents its binding to tubulin and interferes with the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to anti-microtubule drugs.

Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1 Genes list

Explore Genes related to Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1

Products related to Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1

Explore products related to Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1
GeneGlobe ID: PHS-3000Z | Cat. No.: | QIAseq Targeted DNA Pro Panels
QIAseq Targeted DNA Pro Human Comprehensive Cancer Research Panel
Kit containing ALL reagents (except indexes) for targeted DNA sequencing
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: PHS-001Z | Cat. No.: | QIAseq Targeted DNA Pro Panels
QIAseq Targeted DNA Pro Human Breast Cancer Research Panel
Kit containing ALL reagents (except indexes) for targeted DNA sequencing
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: PHS-101Z | Cat. No.: | QIAseq Targeted DNA Pro Panels
QIAseq Targeted DNA Pro Human Breast Cancer Focus Panel
Kit containing ALL reagents (except indexes) for targeted DNA sequencing
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: YHS-001Z | Cat. No.: | QIAseq Targeted cfDNA Ultra Panels
QIAseq Targeted cfDNA Ultra Human Breast Cancer Panel
Kit containing ALL reagents (except indexes) for targeted DNA sequencing
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: PAHS-131Z | Cat. No.: 330231 | RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays
RT² Profiler™ PCR Array Human Breast Cancer
RT2 Profiler PCR Array
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: PAHS-033Z | Cat. No.: 330231 | RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays
RT² Profiler™ PCR Array Human Cancer PathwayFinder™
RT2 Profiler PCR Array
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: PHS-3100Z | Cat. No.: | QIAseq Targeted DNA Pro Panels
QIAseq Targeted DNA Pro Human Comprehensive Cancer Focus Panel
Kit containing ALL reagents (except indexes) for targeted DNA sequencing
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: JHS-3001Z | Cat. No.: | QIAseq RNA Fusion XP Panels
QIAseq RNA Fusion XP Oncology Research Panel
Kit containing ALL reagents (except indexes) for fusion and gene expression profiling by digital RNAseq
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: SBHS-131Z | Cat. No.: 249950 | QuantiNova LNA PCR Focus Panels
QuantiNova LNA PCR Focus Panel Human Breast Cancer
QuantiNova LNA PCR Focus Panel
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: UPHS-131Z | Cat. No.: 249955 | QuantiNova LNA Probe PCR Focus Panels
QuantiNova LNA Probe PCR Focus Panel Human Breast Cancer
QuantiNova LNA Probe PCR Focus Panel
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: SBHS-033Z | Cat. No.: 249950 | QuantiNova LNA PCR Focus Panels
QuantiNova LNA PCR Focus Panel Human Cancer PathwayFinder
QuantiNova LNA PCR Focus Panel
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: JHS-002Z | Cat. No.: | QIAseq RNA Fusion XP Panels
QIAseq RNA Fusion XP Solid Tumor Panel
Kit containing ALL reagents (except indexes) for fusion and gene expression profiling by digital RNAseq
Product Specification
GeneGlobe ID: UPHS-033Z | Cat. No.: 249955 | QuantiNova LNA Probe PCR Focus Panels
QuantiNova LNA Probe PCR Focus Panel Human Cancer PathwayFinder
QuantiNova LNA Probe PCR Focus Panel
Product Specification

Didn't find what you're looking for?

Discover other products relevant to this gene list with our Panel Finder. Check it out.