Production of nitric oxide (NO) by activated macrophages is central to the control of infections. The inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is responsible for NO production in macrophages. Regulation of iNOS takes place at the level of transcription, with factors such as cytokines and bacterial products playing a prominent role.Among the cytokines, IFNγ is a major inducer of iNOS. IFNγ induces the transcription of iNOS by activating interferon regulated factor-1 (IRF-1) as well as the JAK/STAT pathway...