ADRA2A Gene Summary [Human]
Alpha-2-adrenergic receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. The alpha-2-adrenergic receptors are a type of adrenergic receptors (for adrenaline or epinephrine), which inhibit adenylate cyclase. These receptors include 3 highly homologous subtypes: alpha2A, alpha2B, and alpha2C. They are involved in regulating the release of neurotransmitter molecules from sympathetic nerves and from adrenergic neurons in the central nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system regulates cardiovascular function by activating adrenergic receptors in the heart, blood vessels and kidney. Studies in mouse revealed that both the alpha2A and alpha2C receptor subtypes were required for presynaptic transmitter release from the sympathetic nervous system in the heart and from central noradrenergic neurons. The alpha-2-adrenergic receptors are also involved in catecholamine signaling by extracellular regulated protein kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathways. A clear association between the alpha-2-adrenergic receptor and disease has not been yet established. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2019]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | ADRA2A |
| Official Name | adrenoceptor alpha 2A [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:281] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000150594 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | adrenoceptor alpha 2A, alpha-2AAR subtype C10, alpha-2A-adrenergic receptor |
| Synonyms | ADRA2, ADRA2R, ADRAR, adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a, adrenergic receptor, α 2a, ADRENOCEPTOR alpha2A, adrenoceptor α 2A, alpha2A, alpha-2A adrenergic receptor, Alpha2a Adrenoceptor, ALPHA2AAR, alpha(2A)AR, alpha2A/D-AR, alpha2-C10, CA2-47, FPLD8, RATRG20, RG20, ZNF32, α-2A adrenergic receptor, α(2A)AR |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human ADRA2A often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- G-protein coupled receptor
- hormone binding
- intracellular loop
- protein kinase binding
- G-protein-coupled receptor binding
- enzyme binding
- protein binding
- seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily
- adrenoceptor
- third intracellular loop
- binding protein
- cytoplasmic domain
- guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor
- transmembrane domain
- intracellular domain
- protein homodimerization
- 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)
- protein heterodimerization
- alpha2-adrenergic receptor
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the ADRA2A gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- AMPK Signaling
- Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1
- Cardiac Hypertrophy Signaling
- Cellular Effects of Sildenafil (Viagra)
- CREB Signaling in Neurons
- FAK Signaling
- G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling
- Gαi Signaling
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
- Phagosome Formation
- Serotonin Receptor Signaling
- α-Adrenergic Signaling
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- cardiovascular disorder
- stroke
- infection
- human immunodeficiency virus I infection
- obesity
- disorder of coronary artery
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- hypertension
- heart disease
- COVID-19
role in cell
- proliferation
- activation in
- invasion by
- aggregation
- binding in
- docking
- migration
- organization
- hyperpolarization
- binding
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- glutaminergic synapse
- Cytoplasm
- intracellular space
- cellular membrane
- presynaptic membrane
- postsynaptic membrane
- synaptic membrane
- basolateral membrane
- growth cone
- nerve ending
- synapse
- filopodia
- perikaryon
- axon terminals
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human ADRA2A gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of MAP kinase activity
- negative regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus
- DNA replication
- positive regulation of cell proliferation
- positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- fear response
- positive regulation of potassium ion transport
- vasodilation
- negative regulation of insulin secretion
- intestinal absorption
- positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
- adrenergic receptor signaling pathway
- negative regulation of calcium ion transport
- activation of protein kinase activity
- thermoception
- platelet activation
- negative regulation of lipid catabolic process
- activation of protein kinase B activity
- regulation of vasoconstriction
- positive regulation of wound healing
- G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- female pregnancy
- Ras protein signal transduction
- adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of MAPK cascade
- Rho protein signal transduction
- negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis
- phospholipase C-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway
- adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway
- adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway
- negative regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction
- glucose homeostasis
- receptor transactivation
- cellular response to hormone stimulus
- negative regulation of norepinephrine secretion
- actin cytoskeleton organization
- negative regulation of epinephrine secretion
- positive regulation of cytokine production
- positive regulation of cell migration
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- cytoplasm
- receptor complex
- presynaptic active zone membrane
- neuronal cell body
- basolateral plasma membrane
- axon terminus
- plasma membrane
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- protein kinase binding
- epinephrine binding
- protein binding
- protein homodimerization activity
- alpha-1B adrenergic receptor binding
- protein heterodimerization activity
- heterotrimeric G-protein binding
- alpha2-adrenergic receptor activity
- alpha-2C adrenergic receptor binding
- norepinephrine binding
- thioesterase binding