Cyp21a1 Gene Summary [Rat]
Enables steroid 21-monooxygenase activity. Involved in cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus and steroid metabolic process. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Orthologous to several human genes including CYP21A2 (cytochrome P450 family 21 subfamily A member 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | Cyp21a1 |
| Official Name | cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 [Source:RGD Symbol;Acc:2461] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSRNOG00000000428 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 |
| Synonyms | 21-OH, 21OHA, 21OHB, CA21H, CAH1, CHOLESTEROL 21-HYDROXYLASE, CPS1, CYP21, Cyp21a1, Cyp21a2-ps, CYP21B, CYP21OH-A, Cyp21-ps1, cytochrome P450 family 21 subfamily A member 2, cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily a, polypeptide 1, LOC112268338, Oh21-1, Oh21-2, P450C21, P450c21B |
| Species | Rat, Rattus norvegicus |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in rat Cyp21a1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily
- Cytochrome P450
- steroid 21-monooxygenase
- enzyme
- steroid hydroxylase
- heme binding
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- epithelial cancer
- abdominal cancer
- epithelial neoplasia
- cancer
- benign neoplasia
- coronary artery disease
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- atrial fibrillation
- classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency
- androgen-secreting adrenocortical carcinoma
regulates
- norepinephrine
- progesterone
- epinephrine
- oxygen
- dopamine
- aldosterone
- sterol
- corticosteroid
- steroid hormone
- steroid
role in cell
- migration
- quantity
- morphology
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the rat Cyp21a1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- glucocorticoid biosynthetic process
- mineralocorticoid biosynthetic process
- steroid metabolic process
- steroid biosynthetic process
- sterol metabolic process
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- iron ion binding
- steroid hydroxylase activity
- steroid 21-monooxygenase activity
- steroid binding
- heme binding