B4GALT2 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes. They encode type II membrane-bound glycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrate UDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. The enzyme encoded by this gene synthesizes N-acetyllactosamine in glycolipids and glycoproteins. Its substrate specificity is affected by alpha-lactalbumin but it is not expressed in lactating mammary tissue. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | B4GALT2 |
| Official Name | beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 2 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:925] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000117411 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 2, lactose synthase A, Beta-N-acetylglucosaminylglycopeptide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase, N-acetyllactosamine synthase |
| Synonyms | B4Gal-T3, beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 2, beta4Gal-T2, Ggtb2, UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 2, UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc β 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 2, β-1,4-galactosyltransferase 2, β-1,4-galt 2 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human B4GALT2 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- beta-N-acetylglucosaminylglycopeptide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase
- galactosyltransferase
- N-terminal domain of galactosyltransferase
- N-terminal region of glycosyl transferase group 7
- enzyme
- protein binding
- N-acetyllactosamine synthase
- glycosyltransferase family A
- lactose synthase
- Golgi lumenal domain
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- cellular membrane
- Golgi Apparatus
- Golgi membrane
- nucleoplasm
- trans Golgi cisternae
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human B4GALT2 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- glycosylation
- carbohydrate metabolic process
- cerebellar Purkinje cell layer development
- locomotory behavior
- protein glycosylation
- visual learning
- memory
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- Golgi cisterna membrane
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- Golgi apparatus
- Golgi membrane
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- beta-N-acetylglucosaminylglycopeptide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase activity
- metal ion binding
- N-acetyllactosamine synthase activity
- lactose synthase activity
- galactosyltransferase activity