GHRH Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a member of the glucagon family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is produced in the hypothalamus and cleaved to generate the mature factor, known as somatoliberin, which acts to stimulate growth hormone release from the pituitary gland. Variant receptors for somatoliberin have been found in several types of tumors, and antagonists of these receptors can inhibit the growth of the tumors. Defects in this gene are a cause of dwarfism, while hypersecretion of the encoded protein is a cause of gigantism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | GHRH |
| Official Name | growth hormone releasing hormone [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:4265] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000118702 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | growth hormone releasing hormone, sermorelin, somatocrinin, somatoliberin |
| Synonyms | GHRF, GRF, Grh, Growth hormone releasing hormone, INN |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human GHRH often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Peptide hormone
- growth hormone-releasing hormone
- G-protein-coupled receptor binding
- protein binding
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- obesity
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- weight gain
- epithelial neoplasia
- benign neoplasia
- adenoma formation
- hyperplasia
- hypomyelination
- hypoplasia
- head and neck neuroendocrine neoplasia
role in cell
- apoptosis
- survival
- activation in
- binding
- phosphorylation in
- expression in
- number
- proliferation
- accumulation in
- depolarization
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- Plasma Membrane
- Golgi Apparatus
- acrosome
- neurites
- nerve ending
- rough endoplasmatic reticulum
- secretory granules
- perikaryon
- axons
- axon terminals
- plasma
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human GHRH gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- multicellular organism growth
- response to food
- positive regulation of growth hormone secretion
- regulation of protein localization
- positive regulation of cell proliferation
- cell-cell signaling
- adenohypophysis development
- positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep
- adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of multicellular organism growth
- positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- growth hormone secretion
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular space
- terminal button
- extracellular region
- perikaryon
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- neuropeptide hormone activity
- growth hormone-releasing hormone activity
- growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor binding
- peptide hormone receptor binding