AKR1C4 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. These enzymes catalyze the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols by utilizing NADH and/or NADPH as cofactors. The enzymes display overlapping but distinct substrate specificity. This enzyme catalyzes the bioreduction of chlordecone, a toxic organochlorine pesticide, to chlordecone alcohol in liver. This gene shares high sequence identity with three other gene members and is clustered with those three genes at chromosome 10p15-p14. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Details
| Type | Retained Intron |
| Official Symbol | AKR1C4 |
| Official Name | aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:387] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000198610 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4, chlordecone reductase, 3-alpha hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, type I, dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 4 |
| Synonyms | 3-alpha-HSD, 3-α-HSD, aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4, C11, CDR, CHDR, DD-4, HAKRA |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human AKR1C4 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- electron carrier
- Aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily
- trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase
- retinal dehydrogenase
- 3(or 17)alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
- enzyme
- protein binding
- 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (A-specific)
- aldo-keto reductase
- chlordecone reductase
- Aldo/keto reductase family
- bile acid transporter
- 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (B-specific)
- NADH or NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the AKR1C4 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- 46,XY sex reversal type 8
- liver cancer
- epithelial cancer
- hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma
regulated by
- bardoxolone methyl
- alpha 1 antitrypsin
- RARRES2
- elaidic acid
regulates
- (±)-trans-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene
- bile acid
- acenaphthene-1-ol
- (±)-trans-3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydrobenz[a]anthracene
- steroid
- trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo(a)pyrene
- trans-(±)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol
- (±)-trans-11,12-dihydroxy-11,12-dihydro-benzo[g]chrysene
- (±)-trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene
- 1'-hydroxy-2'-oxopropyl-tetrahydropterin
role in cell
- proliferation
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- cytosol
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human AKR1C4 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- progesterone metabolic process
- cellular response to jasmonic acid stimulus
- androgen metabolic process
- retinoid metabolic process
- daunorubicin metabolic process
- steroid metabolic process
- prostaglandin metabolic process
- doxorubicin metabolic process
- bile acid biosynthetic process
- bile acid and bile salt transport
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- cytoplasm
- cytosol
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- bile acid transmembrane transporter activity
- dihydrotestosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase activity
- bile acid binding
- electron carrier activity
- alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase activity
- chlordecone reductase activity
- aldo-keto reductase (NADP) activity
- androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol dehydrogenase activity
- estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase activity
- ketosteroid monooxygenase activity
- 5alpha-androstane-3beta,17beta-diol dehydrogenase activity
- testosterone dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity
- retinal dehydrogenase activity
- testosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity
- androsterone dehydrogenase activity
- oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH, quinone or similar compound as acceptor