GPD2 Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene localizes to the inner mitochondrial membrane and catalyzes the conversion of glycerol-3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate, using FAD as a cofactor. Along with GDP1, the encoded protein constitutes the glycerol phosphate shuttle, which reoxidizes NADH formed during glycolysis. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | GPD2 |
| Official Name | glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:4456] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000115159 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 |
| Synonyms | Alpha-gpd, GDH2, Gdm1, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2, glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial, Glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, GPDH, Gpdh-m, GPDM, m-GDH, mGPDH, mtGPDH, Tisp38, α-gpd |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human GPD2 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- C-terminal domain of alpha-glycerophosphate oxidase
- EF-hand, calcium binding motif
- EF-hand domain
- glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD)
- EF-hand domain pair
- EF hand
- FAD dependent oxidoreductase
- glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- EFh
- enzyme
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the GPD2 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- weight gain
- COVID-19
- Huntington disease
- hepatic steatosis
- cataract disease
- late-onset noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- myopia
- lung squamous cell carcinoma
role in cell
- transmembrane potential
- peroxidation in
- gluconeogenesis in
- ferroptosis
- size
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- pH resistant lipid raft fraction
- detergent resistant lipid raft fraction
- Mitochondria
- mitochondrial inner membrane
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human GPD2 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process
- glycerol catabolic process
- glycerophosphate shuttle
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- mitochondrion
- mitochondrial inner membrane
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- calcium ion binding
- glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity