GSTZ1 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene is a member of the glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) super-family which encodes multifunctional enzymes important in the detoxification of electrophilic molecules, including carcinogens, mutagens, and several therapeutic drugs, by conjugation with glutathione. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of maleylacetoacetate to fumarylacetoacatate, which is one of the steps in the phenylalanine/tyrosine degradation pathway. Deficiency of a similar gene in mouse causes oxidative stress. Several transcript variants of this gene encode multiple protein isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | GSTZ1 |
| Official Name | glutathione S-transferase zeta 1 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:4643] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000100577 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | glutathione S-transferase zeta 1, maleylacetoacetate isomerase |
| Synonyms | glutathione S-transferase zeta 1, glutathione S-transferase ζ 1, Glutathione transferase zeta 1, glutathione transferase zeta 1 (maleylacetoacetate isomerase), Glutathione transferase ζ 1, glutathione transferase ζ 1 (maleylacetoacetate isomerase), GSTZ1-1, MAAI, MAAID, MAI, maleylacetoacetate isomerase |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human GSTZ1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain
- C-terminal, alpha helical domain of the Glutathione S-transferase family
- Glutathione S-transferase, N-terminal domain
- glutathione transferase
- maleylacetoacetate isomerase
- Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold
- protein homodimerization
- enzyme
- glutathione peroxidase
- protein binding
- identical protein binding
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the GSTZ1 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- hepatitis
- hepatocellular carcinoma
- liver cancer
- epithelial cancer
- weight loss
- mild hypersuccinylacetonemia
- macrovesicular hepatic steatosis
- microvesicular hepatic steatosis
- hepatic steatosis
role in cell
- activation in
- necrosis
- quantity
- number
- alkylation in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- Mitochondria
- cytosol
- mitochondrial matrix
- cytosolic fraction
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human GSTZ1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- L-phenylalanine catabolic process
- glutathione metabolic process
- tyrosine catabolic process
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- mitochondrial matrix
- mitochondrion
- cytosol
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- identical protein binding
- protein homodimerization activity
- glutathione peroxidase activity
- protein binding
- maleylacetoacetate isomerase activity
- glutathione transferase activity