MSR1 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes the class A macrophage scavenger receptors, which include three different types (1, 2, 3) generated by alternative splicing of this gene. These receptors or isoforms are macrophage-specific trimeric integral membrane glycoproteins and have been implicated in many macrophage-associated physiological and pathological processes including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and host defense. The isoforms type 1 and type 2 are functional receptors and are able to mediate the endocytosis of modified low density lipoproteins (LDLs). The isoform type 3 does not internalize modified LDL (acetyl-LDL) despite having the domain shown to mediate this function in the types 1 and 2 isoforms. It has an altered intracellular processing and is trapped within the endoplasmic reticulum, making it unable to perform endocytosis. The isoform type 3 can inhibit the function of isoforms type 1 and type 2 when co-expressed, indicating a dominant negative effect and suggesting a mechanism for regulation of scavenger receptor activity in macrophages. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | MSR1 |
| Official Name | macrophage scavenger receptor 1 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:7376] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000038945 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | macrophage scavenger receptor 1 |
| Synonyms | CD204, MACROPHAGE SCAVENGER receptor, macrophage scavenger receptor 1, MRS-A, MSR, MSR-A, MSRA1, RGD1564316, SCARA1, Scvr, SR, SR-A, SR-A1, SR-AIII, SRAI/II |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human MSR1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- extracellular domain
- Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain
- cargo receptor activity
- low-density lipoprotein binding
- protein binding
- beta-amyloid binding
- Scavenger receptor Cys-rich
- kinase
- scavenger receptor
- cytoplasmic domain
- Macrophage scavenger receptor
- ligand-binding domain
- intracellular domain
- Collagen triple helix repeat (20 copies)
- cytosolic tail domain
- membrane-proximal domain
- transmembrane receptor
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the MSR1 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- epithelial cancer
- epithelial neoplasia
- cancer
- liver cancer
- ovarian cancer
- lepromatous leprosy
- coronary artery disease
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- chronic myeloid leukemia
role in cell
- activation in
- expression in
- apoptosis
- proliferation
- migration
- cell viability
- activation
- replication in
- formation
- phosphorylation in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- filopodia-like projection
- endocytic vesicle membrane
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- intracellular space
- membrane surface
- cellular membrane
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- plasma
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human MSR1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- beta-amyloid clearance
- negative regulation of gene expression
- plasma lipoprotein particle clearance
- phagocytosis, engulfment
- positive regulation of cholesterol storage
- positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
- establishment of localization in cell
- cholesterol transport
- receptor-mediated endocytosis
- cellular response to organic cyclic compound
- lipoprotein transport
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- collagen
- low-density lipoprotein particle
- membrane
- endocytic vesicle membrane
- plasma membrane
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- protein binding
- cargo receptor activity
- scavenger receptor activity
- low-density lipoprotein particle binding
- beta-amyloid binding