TSPO Gene Summary [Human]
Present mainly in the mitochondrial compartment of peripheral tissues, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with some benzodiazepines and has different affinities than its endogenous counterpart. The protein is a key factor in the flow of cholesterol into mitochondria to permit the initiation of steroid hormone synthesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been reported; one of the variants lacks an internal exon and is considered non-coding, and the other variants encode the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | TSPO |
| Official Name | translocator protein [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:1158] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000100300 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | translocator protein, peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor/recognition site |
| Synonyms | Benzodiazepine Receptor, BPBS, BZRP, DBI, IBP, MBR, mDRC, Mitochondrial permeability transition pore, PBR, PBS, PERIPHERAL BENZODIAZEPINE receptor, PERIPHERAL-type BENZODIAZEPINE receptor, pk18, PKBS, PTBR, Ptbzr, PTBZR02, RATPTBZR02, translocator protein, TSPO1 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human TSPO often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- lipid transporter
- Translocator protein (TSPO)/peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (MBR) family
- cholesterol binding
- cholesterol Recognition/interaction Amino acid Consensus domain
- ion channel binding
- protein binding
- benzodiazepine receptor
- androgen binding
- transmembrane receptor
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the TSPO gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- postoperative pain
- pain
- agitation
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- schizophrenia
- heart failure
- gastric cancer
- metastatic gastric cancer
- HIV infection
role in cell
- accumulation
- expression in
- inhibition in
- migration
- proliferation
- production in
- formation in
- apoptosis
- function
- depolarization
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- mitochondrial fraction
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- cell surface
- perinuclear region
- Nucleus
- Plasma Membrane
- Mitochondria
- cytosol
- permeability transition pores
- mitochondrial membrane
- mitochondrial outer membrane
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human TSPO gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- response to manganese ion
- contact inhibition
- regulation of cholesterol transport
- response to progesterone stimulus
- positive regulation of calcium ion transport
- heme biosynthetic process
- steroid metabolic process
- response to xenobiotic stimulus
- anion transport
- chloride transport
- C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process
- cholesterol homeostasis
- glial cell migration
- cellular response to zinc ion
- cellular hypotonic response
- behavioral response to pain
- positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization
- negative regulation of corticosterone secretion
- response to testosterone stimulus
- negative regulation of protein ubiquitination
- regulation of steroid biosynthetic process
- adrenal gland development
- negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
- positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process
- negative regulation of glial cell proliferation
- peripheral nervous system axon regeneration
- positive regulation of glial cell proliferation
- regulation of cell proliferation
- negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
- protein targeting to mitochondrion
- cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
- sterol transport
- positive regulation of apoptotic process
- maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion
- response to vitamin B1
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- mitochondrion
- membrane
- cytosol
- endoplasmic reticulum
- mitochondrial outer membrane
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- protein binding
- cholesterol binding
- androgen binding
- ion channel binding
- benzodiazepine receptor activity