CRH Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a member of the corticotropin-releasing factor family. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature neuropeptide hormone. In response to stress, this hormone is secreted by the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, binds to corticotropin releasing hormone receptors and stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone from the pituitary gland. Marked reduction in this protein has been observed in association with Alzheimer's disease. Autosomal recessive hypothalamic corticotropin deficiency has multiple and potentially fatal metabolic consequences including hypoglycemia and hepatitis. In addition to production in the hypothalamus, this protein is also synthesized in peripheral tissues, such as T lymphocytes, and is highly expressed in the placenta. In the placenta it is a marker that determines the length of gestation and the timing of parturition and delivery. A rapid increase in circulating levels of the hormone occurs at the onset of parturition, suggesting that, in addition to its metabolic functions, this protein may act as a trigger for parturition. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | CRH |
| Official Name | corticotropin releasing hormone [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:2355] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000147571 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | corticotropin releasing hormone, corticotropin-releasing factor, corticoliberin |
| Synonyms | CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE, CRF, Crf2, Crf4, CRH1, Crh-41, Gm1347 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human CRH often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Corticotropin-releasing factor family
- G-protein-coupled receptor binding
- alpha helix
- hormone
- protein binding
- receptor binding
- neuropeptide hormone
- cytokine
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the CRH gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- seizures
- irritable bowel syndrome
- hyperglycemia
- depressive disorder
- acne
- edema
- weight gain
- psoriasis
- neurological disorder
- major depression
role in cell
- expression in
- formation
- accumulation in
- quantity
- proliferation
- apoptosis
- activation
- activation in
- production in
- damage
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
- axon component
- secretory granule lumen
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- somatodendritic region
- cellular membrane
- Nucleus
- Plasma Membrane
- secretory vesicles
- perikaryon
- axons
- axon terminals
- plasma
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human CRH gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- response to estrogen stimulus
- locomotory exploration behavior
- regulation of serotonin secretion
- associative learning
- negative regulation of glucagon secretion
- learning or memory
- inflammatory response
- regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor activity
- long-term synaptic potentiation
- neuron apoptotic process
- synaptic transmission
- positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling
- negative regulation of gene expression
- response to corticosterone stimulus
- induction of apoptosis by hormones
- positive regulation of gene expression
- negative regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion
- ion homeostasis
- negative regulation of norepinephrine secretion
- response to immobilization stress
- positive regulation of cell proliferation
- hypothalamus development
- response to xenobiotic stimulus
- response to pain
- response to ethanol
- positive regulation of cortisol secretion
- synaptic transmission, dopaminergic
- response to ether
- positive regulation of corticotropin secretion
- cellular response to cocaine
- positive regulation of corticosterone secretion
- positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus
- adrenal gland development
- lung development
- signal transduction
- negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure
- female pregnancy
- negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep
- positive regulation of digestive system process
- positive regulation of calcium ion import
- parturition
- glucocorticoid biosynthetic process
- positive regulation of behavioral fear response
- positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
- positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness
- diterpenoid metabolic process
- cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus
- negative regulation of epinephrine secretion
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular space
- varicosity
- synapse
- perikaryon
- extracellular region
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 binding
- protein binding
- corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 binding
- neuropeptide hormone activity
- corticotropin-releasing hormone activity
- hormone activity
- receptor binding