ADH5 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a member of the alcohol dehydrogenase family. Members of this family metabolize a wide variety of substrates, including ethanol, retinol, other aliphatic alcohols, hydroxysteroids, and lipid peroxidation products. The encoded protein forms a homodimer. It has virtually no activity for ethanol oxidation, but exhibits high activity for oxidation of long-chain primary alcohols and for oxidation of S-hydroxymethyl-glutathione, a spontaneous adduct between formaldehyde and glutathione. This enzyme is an important component of cellular metabolism for the elimination of formaldehyde, a potent irritant and sensitizing agent that causes lacrymation, rhinitis, pharyngitis, and contact dermatitis. The human genome contains several non-transcribed pseudogenes related to this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | ADH5 |
| Official Name | alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (class III), chi polypeptide [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:253] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000197894 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (class III), chi polypeptide, S-nitrosoglutathione reductase |
| Synonyms | ADH-3, Adhb2, ADHX, alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (class III), chi polypeptide, AMEDS, BMFS7, CLASS III ADH, FALDH, FDH, Glutathione Dependent Formaldehyde Dehydrogenase, GSH-FDH, GSNOR, HEL-S-60p |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human ADH5 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- alcohol dehydrogenase
- S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase/class III alcohol dehydrogenase
- electron carrier
- S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase
- zinc ion binding
- MDR
- fatty acid binding
- Zinc-binding dehydrogenase
- Alcohol dehydrogenase GroES-like domain
- enzyme
- identical protein binding
- formaldehyde dehydrogenase
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- epithelial cancer
- epithelial neoplasia
- cancer
- ataxia
- neoplasia
- liver cancer
- liver neoplasia
- digestive system cancer
- abdominal cancer
- gout
role in cell
- number
- differentiation
- degradation in
- nitrosylation in
- expression in
- apoptosis
- cell death
- cell viability
- fragmentation in
- fragmentation
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- Mitochondria
- cytosol
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human ADH5 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- respiratory system process
- response to redox state
- retinoid metabolic process
- formaldehyde catabolic process
- response to nitrosative stress
- response to lipopolysaccharide
- fatty acid omega-oxidation
- positive regulation of blood pressure
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- mitochondrion
- cytosol
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- zinc ion binding
- identical protein binding
- fatty acid binding
- electron carrier activity
- S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase activity
- formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity
- alcohol dehydrogenase activity, zinc-dependent