TXNIP
TXNIP Gene Summary
This gene encodes a thioredoxin-binding protein that is a member of the alpha arrestin protein family. Thioredoxin is a thiol-oxidoreductase that is a major regulator of cellular redox signaling which protects cells from oxidative stress. This protein inhibits the antioxidative function of thioredoxin resulting in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and cellular stress. This protein also functions as a regulator of cellular metabolism and of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This protein may also function as a tumor suppressor. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | TXNIP |
| Official Name | thioredoxin interacting protein [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:16952] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000265972 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | thioredoxin interacting protein, upregulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3, thioredoxin binding protein 2 |
| Synonyms | 1200008J08Rik,ARRDC6,EST01027,HHCPA78,HYPLIP1,LOC101060503,TBP-2,THIF,thioredoxin interacting protein,VDUP1 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- arrestin domain
- ubiquitin protein ligase binding
- Arrestin (or S-antigen), C-terminal domain
- enzyme inhibitor activity
- protein binding
- Arrestin (or S-antigen), N-terminal domain
- proline tyrosine motif
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the TXNIP gene plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
binds
- VHL
- UBC
- MYCBP2
- MTA1
- FLNA
- HNF4A
- KBTBD6
- S100B
- TP53
- SCEL
disease
- gout
- atopic dermatitis
- psoriasis
- neoplasia
- chronic stable angina
- epithelial cancer
- metastasis
- COVID-19
- diabetes mellitus
- hepatic steatosis
regulated by
- D-glucose
- metformin
- adenosine triphosphate
- 8-chloroadenosine
- lipopolysaccharide
- AGT
- oleic acid
- allopurinol
- dihydrotestosterone
- EGF
regulates
- CDKN1A
- NFkB (complex)
- TP53
- IL6
- PPARG
- triacylglycerol
- superoxide
- FASN
- D-glucose
- RELA
role in cell
- expression in
- apoptosis
- phosphorylation in
- activation in
- cell death
- production in
- proliferation
- generation in
- quantity
- binding in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- intracellular compartment
- Nucleus
- cytosol
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the TXNIP gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
BIOLOGICAL PROCESS
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- response to progesterone stimulus
- protein transport
- platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- response to hydrogen peroxide
- response to xenobiotic stimulus
- regulation of cell proliferation
- response to mechanical stimulus
- negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- keratinocyte differentiation
- response to oxidative stress
- inflammatory response
- response to glucose stimulus
- negative regulation of cell division
- protein import into nucleus
- response to calcium ion
- positive regulation of apoptotic process
- response to estradiol stimulus
- cellular response to tumor cell
CELLULAR COMPONENT
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- cytoplasm
- cytosol
MOLECULAR FUNCTION
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- ubiquitin protein ligase binding
- protein binding
- enzyme inhibitor activity