PDK4 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene is a member of the PDK/BCKDK protein kinase family and encodes a mitochondrial protein with a histidine kinase domain. This protein is located in the matrix of the mitrochondria and inhibits the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by phosphorylating one of its subunits, thereby contributing to the regulation of glucose metabolism. Expression of this gene is regulated by glucocorticoids, retinoic acid and insulin. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | PDK4 |
| Official Name | pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:8812] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000004799 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 |
| Synonyms | PDHK4, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isoenzyme 4 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human PDK4 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- kinase
- Histidine kinase-, DNA gyrase B-, and HSP90-like ATPase
- protein kinase
- protein threonine/tyrosine kinase
- Histidine kinase-like ATPase domain
- [pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)] kinase
- ATP binding
- protein binding
- Histidine kinase-like ATPases
- Mitochondrial branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the PDK4 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- bladder cancer
- lung adenocarcinoma
- cancer
- liver cancer
- epithelial cancer
- neoplasia
- hepatocellular carcinoma
- tumorigenesis
- breast carcinoma
- lung squamous cell carcinoma
role in cell
- expression in
- glycolysis in
- cellular respiration in
- apoptosis
- proliferation
- activation in
- activation
- migration
- production in
- cell viability
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- Mitochondria
- mitochondrial matrix
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human PDK4 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- insulin receptor signaling pathway
- response to starvation
- regulation of bone resorption
- cellular response to starvation
- protein phosphorylation
- regulation of pH
- regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process
- reactive oxygen species metabolic process
- regulation of glucose metabolic process
- negative regulation of anoikis
- cellular response to fatty acid
- regulation of fatty acid oxidation
- glucose homeostasis
- regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process
- regulation of acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- mitochondrial matrix
- mitochondrion
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- ATP binding
- protein binding
- protein kinase activity
- pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) kinase activity