PROX1 Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the homeobox transcription factor family. Members of this family contain a homeobox domain that consists of a 60-amino acid helix-turn-helix structure that binds DNA and RNA. The protein encoded by this gene is conserved across vertebrates and may play an essential role during development. Altered levels of this protein have been reported in cancers of different organs, such as colon, brain, blood, breast, pancreas, liver and esophagus. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | PROX1 |
| Official Name | prospero homeobox 1 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:9459] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000117707 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | prospero homeobox 1 |
| Synonyms | A230003G05RIK, prospero homeobox 1 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human PROX1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific binding transcriptional activator activity
- transcription regulator
- ligand-dependent nuclear receptor interactor
- LXXLL motif
- nuclear receptor domain
- DBD domain binding
- nucleic acid binding
- Homeo-prospero domain
- protein binding
- glutamine-rich domain
- LBD domain binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding
- DNA binding
- RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
- RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific binding transcriptional repressor activity
- double-stranded DNA binding
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- cancer
- epithelial cancer
- epithelial neoplasia
- metastasis
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- rhabdomyosarcoma
- obesity
- colorectal cancer
- liver cancer
role in cell
- quantity
- apoptosis
- expression in
- activation in
- proliferation
- cell cycle progression
- migration
- growth
- survival
- number
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Nucleus
- interchromatin granule cluster fractions
- Cytoplasm
- Plasma Membrane
- cytosol
- nucleoplasm
- chromatin
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human PROX1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- neural tube development
- optic placode formation involved in camera-type eye formation
- dorsal spinal cord development
- ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis
- retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye
- transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- lens development in camera-type eye
- neuroblast proliferation
- negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation
- negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- kidney development
- hepatocyte differentiation
- lymphangiogenesis
- ventricular cardiac myofibril development
- atrial cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis
- acinar cell differentiation
- cerebellar granule cell differentiation
- positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity
- venous blood vessel morphogenesis
- negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
- brain development
- lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation
- circadian rhythm
- dentate gyrus development
- blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation
- lymphatic endothelial cell fate commitment
- hepatocyte proliferation
- regulation of gene expression
- response to nutrient levels
- positive regulation of heart growth
- branching involved in pancreas morphogenesis
- lens fiber cell morphogenesis
- negative regulation of cell proliferation
- positive regulation of cell proliferation
- positive regulation of cell cycle
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- regulation of circadian rhythm
- neuronal stem cell maintenance
- otic placode formation
- negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- neuron fate determination
- liver development
- positive regulation of forebrain neuron differentiation
- positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation
- negative regulation of viral genome replication
- positive regulation of endothelial cell migration
- epithelial cell migration
- pancreas development
- lung development
- positive regulation of sarcomere organization
- negative regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process
- skeletal muscle thin filament assembly
- hepatocyte cell migration
- embryonic retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye
- endocardium formation
- ventricular septum morphogenesis
- regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- aorta smooth muscle tissue morphogenesis
- olfactory placode formation
- positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- cytosol
- chromatin
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- DNA binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
- ligand-dependent nuclear receptor binding
- protein binding
- DBD domain binding
- LBD domain binding
- RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding
- transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
- RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in negative regulation of transcription
- sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity