Tyr Gene Summary [Rat]
Predicted to enable copper ion binding activity; protein homodimerization activity; and tyrosinase activity. Involved in several processes, including response to UV; response to cAMP; and response to vitamin D. Predicted to be located in melanosome and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Used to study oculocutaneous albinism. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including melanoma (multiple); ocular albinism 1; oculocutaneous albinism (multiple); retinoschisis; and vitiligo. Orthologous to human TYR (tyrosinase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2025]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | Tyr |
| Official Name | tyrosinase [Source:RGD Symbol;Acc:1589755] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSRNOG00000016421 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | tyrosinase |
| Synonyms | albino, ATN, CMM8, Dopa oxidase, Melanogenesis Related Tyrosinase, OCA1, OCA1A, OCAIA, SHEP3, skc35, tyrosinase |
| Species | Rat, Rattus norvegicus |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in rat Tyr often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- copper ion binding
- cytoplasmic domain
- N-linked glycosylation site
- transmembrane domain
- Common central domain of tyrosinase
- protein homodimerization
- enzyme
- protein binding
- cytosolic tail domain
- identical protein binding
- sorting signal domain
- monophenol monooxygenase
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the Tyr gene in rat plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- depressive disorder
- major depression
- epithelial cancer
- cancer
- benign neoplasia
- variation in skin/hair/eye pigmentation 3
- tyrosinase-negative oculocutaneous albinism
- acne vulgaris
- oculocutaneous albinism type 1B
role in cell
- cell death
- expression in
- proliferation
- migration
- apoptosis
- cell viability
- cytotoxicity
- shape change
- activation
- polymerization in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- endoplasmic reticulum fraction
- endosomal fractions
- Golgi-enriched fraction
- membrane fraction
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- cell periphery
- perinuclear region
- cellular membrane
- endosomes
- vesicles
- lysosome
- Golgi Apparatus
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- membrane compartment
- granules
- ER-to-Golgi intermediate compartment
- cisternae
- trans Golgi network
- perinuclear space
- nuclear envelope
- early endosomes
- late endosomes
- melanosomes
- multivesicular bodies
- melanosomal membrane
- clathrin-coated vesicles
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the rat Tyr gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- cell proliferation
- eye pigment biosynthetic process
- melanin biosynthetic process
- response to vitamin D
- pigmentation
- response to cAMP
- response to UV
- melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine
- response to blue light
- visual perception
- thymus development
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- melanosome membrane
- perinuclear region of cytoplasm
- cytoplasm
- melanosome
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- Golgi-associated vesicle
- lysosome
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- identical protein binding
- protein binding
- monophenol monooxygenase activity
- protein homodimerization activity
- copper ion binding