POLB Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is a DNA polymerase involved in base excision and repair, also called gap-filling DNA synthesis. The encoded protein, acting as a monomer, is normally found in the cytoplasm, but it translocates to the nucleus upon DNA damage. Several transcript variants of this gene exist, but the full-length nature of only one has been described to date. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | POLB |
| Official Name | DNA polymerase beta [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:9174] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000070501 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | DNA polymerase beta |
| Synonyms | A430088C08RIK, DNA pol beta, DNA polymerase beta, DNA polymerase β, DNA pol β, DNA β polymerase, Pol beta, polymerase (DNA directed), beta, polymerase (DNA directed), β, polymerase β, Pol β |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human POLB often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Helix-hairpin-helix domain
- DNA polymerase beta thumb
- DNA-directed DNA polymerase
- DNA binding domain
- catalytic domain
- DNA polymerase X family
- metal ion binding
- DNA polymerases domain
- DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase
- enzyme binding
- enzyme
- protein binding
- carbon-oxygen lyase
- DNA binding
- microtubule binding
- Nucleotidyltransferase (NT) domain of DNA polymerase beta and similar proteins
- damaged DNA binding
- lyase
- Fingers domain of DNA polymerase lambda
- active site
- DNA polymerase beta palm
- 5'-dRP lyase domain
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the POLB gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- tuberculosis
- infection
- stage IV colorectal cancer
- hepatic fibrosis
- liver cancer
- childhood lymphoblastic lymphoma
- mature B-cell lymphoma
- advanced colon adenocarcinoma
- relapsed acute myeloid leukemia
- refractory acute myeloid leukemia
role in cell
- proliferation
- expression in
- accumulation in
- activation in
- cell death
- growth
- apoptosis
- cell cycle progression
- cell viability
- differentiation
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Nucleus
- nuclear fraction
- Cytoplasm
- microtubules
- bivalents
- nucleoplasm
- spindle fibers
- synaptonemal complexes
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human POLB gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- response to hyperoxia
- immunoglobulin heavy chain V-D-J recombination
- DNA repair
- pyrimidine dimer repair
- base-excision repair
- DNA-dependent DNA replication
- spleen development
- lymph node development
- nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap filling
- DNA damage response, signal transduction resulting in induction of apoptosis
- base-excision repair, gap-filling
- double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining
- response to DNA damage stimulus
- salivary gland morphogenesis
- response to ethanol
- inflammatory response
- in utero embryonic development
- homeostasis of number of cells
- DNA biosynthetic process
- response to gamma radiation
- neuron apoptotic process
- somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- spindle microtubule
- cytoplasm
- macromolecular complex
- microtubule
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity
- protein binding
- 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity
- metal ion binding
- lyase activity
- DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity
- damaged DNA binding
- microtubule binding
- enzyme binding