TDG Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the TDG/mug DNA glycosylase family. Thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) removes thymine moieties from G/T mismatches by hydrolyzing the carbon-nitrogen bond between the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA and the mispaired thymine. With lower activity, this enzyme also removes thymine from C/T and T/T mispairings. TDG can also remove uracil and 5-bromouracil from mispairings with guanine. This enzyme plays a central role in cellular defense against genetic mutation caused by the spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine and cytosine. This gene may have a pseudogene in the p arm of chromosome 12. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | TDG |
| Official Name | thymine DNA glycosylase [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:11700] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000139372 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | thymine DNA glycosylase, G/T mismatch-specific thymine DNA glycosylase |
| Synonyms | E130317C12Rik, hTDG, Jza1, JZA-3, Thymine-DNA glycosylase |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human TDG often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- DNA N-glycosylase
- nucleic acid binding
- protein kinase C binding
- ATP binding
- metal ion binding
- transcription cofactor
- transcription factor binding
- protein domain specific binding
- enzyme
- protein binding
- magnesium ion binding
- DNA binding
- uracil-DNA glycosylases (UDG) and related enzymes
- pyrimidine-specific mismatch base pair DNA N-glycosylase
- binding protein
- damaged DNA binding
- double-stranded DNA binding
- uracil DNA N-glycosylase
- SUMO-1 modification site
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the TDG gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- metastasis
- edema
- hypoplasia
- ulcerative colitis
- hemopericardium
- bleeding
- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- colorectal cancer
role in cell
- expression in
- proliferation
- migration
- degradation in
- cell viability
- invasion by
- signaling in
- ubiquitination in
- binding
- demethylation in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Nucleus
- nuclear fraction
- Plasma Membrane
- granules
- nucleoplasm
- nuclear bodies
- PML nuclear bodies
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human TDG gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- base-excision repair
- base-excision repair, AP site formation
- regulation of embryonic development
- regulation of gene expression, epigenetic
- depyrimidination
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- PML body
- plasma membrane
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- protein kinase C binding
- SUMO binding
- protein domain specific binding
- G/U mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase activity
- pyrimidine-specific mismatch base pair DNA N-glycosylase activity
- double-stranded DNA binding
- damaged DNA binding
- nucleic acid binding
- magnesium ion binding
- ATP binding
- DNA binding
- chloride ion binding
- uracil DNA N-glycosylase activity
- transcription cofactor activity
- protein binding
- DNA N-glycosylase activity
- sodium ion binding
- mismatched DNA binding