NOG Gene Summary [Human]
The secreted polypeptide, encoded by this gene, binds and inactivates members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily signaling proteins, such as bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4). By diffusing through extracellular matrices more efficiently than members of the TGF-beta superfamily, this protein may have a principal role in creating morphogenic gradients. The protein appears to have pleiotropic effect, both early in development as well as in later stages. It was originally isolated from Xenopus based on its ability to restore normal dorsal-ventral body axis in embryos that had been artificially ventralized by UV treatment. The results of the mouse knockout of the ortholog suggest that it is involved in numerous developmental processes, such as neural tube fusion and joint formation. Recently, several dominant human NOG mutations in unrelated families with proximal symphalangism (SYM1) and multiple synostoses syndrome (SYNS1) were identified; both SYM1 and SYNS1 have multiple joint fusion as their principal feature, and map to the same region (17q22) as this gene. All of these mutations altered evolutionarily conserved amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence of this human gene is highly homologous to that of Xenopus, rat and mouse. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | NOG |
| Official Name | noggin [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:7866] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000183691 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | noggin |
| Synonyms | Noggin, SYM1, SYNS1, SYNS1A |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human NOG often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Noggin
- cytokine binding
- binding protein
- protein homodimerization
- protein binding
- growth factor
- growth factor binding
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the NOG gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- adenoma formation
- hyperplasia
- brachydactyly type B2
- obesity
- multiple synostoses syndrome type 1
- tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome
- hereditary disorder
- hypoplasia
- Teunissen Cremers syndrome
- alopecia
role in cell
- proliferation
- expression in
- activation in
- cell death
- quantity
- apoptosis
- phosphorylation in
- production in
- accumulation in
- cell cycle progression
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
- axons
- basement membrane
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human NOG gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation
- regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- exploration behavior
- neural plate anterior/posterior regionalization
- somite development
- negative regulation of astrocyte differentiation
- fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- visual learning
- face morphogenesis
- spinal cord development
- dorsal/ventral pattern formation
- embryonic digit morphogenesis
- axial mesoderm development
- wound healing
- skeletal system development
- epithelial cell proliferation
- in utero embryonic development
- BMP signaling pathway
- regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity
- endoderm formation
- long-term synaptic potentiation
- mesoderm formation
- positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
- atrial cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis
- negative regulation of SMAD protein import into nucleus
- embryonic skeletal joint morphogenesis
- smoothened signaling pathway
- ureteric bud formation
- ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis
- prostatic bud formation
- pituitary gland development
- positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
- negative regulation of gene expression
- notochord morphogenesis
- positive regulation of gene expression
- epithelial to mesenchymal transition
- neural plate morphogenesis
- negative regulation of cell migration
- cartilage development
- negative regulation of cartilage development
- motor axon guidance
- cell differentiation in hindbrain
- outflow tract morphogenesis
- nervous system development
- endocardial cushion formation
- middle ear morphogenesis
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- positive regulation of glomerulus development
- negative regulation of cytokine activity
- nodal signaling pathway
- lung morphogenesis
- negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation
- negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- membranous septum morphogenesis
- stem cell differentiation
- neural tube closure
- osteoblast differentiation
- somatic stem cell maintenance
- limb development
- heart trabecula morphogenesis
- embryonic skeletal system development
- ventricular septum morphogenesis
- negative regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway
- negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway
- negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular space
- extracellular region
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- protein homodimerization activity
- protein binding
- cytokine binding