FGF2 Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members bind heparin and possess broad mitogenic and angiogenic activities. This protein has been implicated in diverse biological processes, such as limb and nervous system development, wound healing, and tumor growth. The mRNA for this gene contains multiple polyadenylation sites, and is alternatively translated from non-AUG (CUG) and AUG initiation codons, resulting in five different isoforms with distinct properties. The CUG-initiated isoforms are localized in the nucleus and are responsible for the intracrine effect, whereas, the AUG-initiated form is mostly cytosolic and is responsible for the paracrine and autocrine effects of this FGF. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | FGF2 |
| Official Name | fibroblast growth factor 2 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:3676] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000138685 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | fibroblast growth factor 2 |
| Synonyms | BFGF, FGF2 22, Fgf2a, FGFB, FGF-basic, fibroblast growth factor 2, HBGF-2 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human FGF2 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- chemokine binding
- beta-trefoil_FGF
- transcription co-activator
- chemoattractant
- protein binding activity, bridging
- fibroblast growth factor receptor binding
- protein binding
- receptor binding
- cytokine
- identical protein binding
- growth factor
- integrin binding
- loop domain
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the FGF2 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- Adipogenesis pathway
- Autophagy
- Bladder Cancer Signaling
- Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1
- Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis Signaling
- CREB Signaling in Neurons
- Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Signaling
- Ephrin A Signaling
- FGF Signaling
- Hepatic Fibrosis / Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation
- HIF1α Signaling
- Human Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency
- Osteoarthritis Pathway
- Regulation of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Pathway
- Role of Macrophages, Fibroblasts and Endothelial Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- STAT3 Pathway
- Transcriptional Regulatory Network in Embryonic Stem Cells
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- epithelial cancer
- epithelial neoplasia
- cancer
- rheumatoid arthritis
- hyperglycemia
- liver neoplasia
- osteoarthritis
- thermal hyperalgesia
- arthritis
role in cell
- phosphorylation in
- expression in
- quantity
- expansion
- signaling in
- number
- loss
- proliferation
- recruitment
- production in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
- nuclear fraction
- detergent resistant lipid raft fraction
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- cell periphery
- intracellular space
- membrane surface
- Nucleus
- Plasma Membrane
- Mitochondria
- cytosol
- nucleolar periphery
- gems
- chromosome
- nucleoplasm
- nucleoli
- nuclear bodies
- Cajal bodies
- early endosomes
- gap junctions
- extracellular matrix
- chromatin
- plasma
- basement membrane
- Herring bodies
- cytoplasmic fraction
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human FGF2 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation
- negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- positive chemotaxis
- embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching
- positive regulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation
- thyroid-stimulating hormone-secreting cell differentiation
- fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- regulation of angiogenesis
- response to axon injury
- cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis
- positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis
- mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation
- positive regulation of angiogenesis
- corticotropin hormone secreting cell differentiation
- wound healing
- neuroblast proliferation
- positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- regulation of cell cycle
- release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
- negative regulation of wound healing
- chondroblast differentiation
- positive regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of cell fate specification
- positive regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation
- positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation
- Ras protein signal transduction
- regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death
- organ morphogenesis
- negative regulation of gene expression
- negative regulation of stem cell proliferation
- positive regulation of stem cell proliferation
- positive regulation of gene expression
- organ induction
- regulation of cell migration
- positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade
- hyaluronan catabolic process
- positive regulation of MAP kinase activity
- positive regulation of cell proliferation
- nervous system development
- cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation
- positive regulation of stem cell differentiation
- chemotaxis
- protein kinase B signaling cascade
- positive regulation of cell division
- stem cell proliferation
- osteoblast differentiation
- canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis
- positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process
- positive regulation of endothelial cell migration
- lung development
- negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
- regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis
- signal transduction
- paracrine signaling
- angiogenesis involved in coronary vascular morphogenesis
- stem cell development
- positive regulation of MAPK cascade
- substantia nigra development
- positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
- ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
- cellular response to mechanical stimulus
- auditory receptor cell differentiation
- embryonic morphogenesis
- branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
- positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
- cell differentiation
- endothelial cell proliferation
- negative regulation of fibroblast migration
- regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor
- positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor
- positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
- growth factor dependent regulation of satellite cell proliferation
- glial cell differentiation
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- extracellular space
- cytoplasm
- extracellular region
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- chemokine binding
- growth factor activity
- identical protein binding
- protein binding
- ligand-dependent nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity
- chemoattractant activity
- heparin binding
- integrin binding
- cytokine activity
- fibroblast growth factor receptor binding