APELA Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a peptide hormone that binds to the Apelin receptor. The encoded protein is required for heart development in zebrafish and has been shown to maintain self-renewal of human embryonic stem cells through activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Experiments in human and mouse cell lines point to additional roles for the encoded protein in angiogenesis and regulation of vascular tone. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | APELA |
| Official Name | apelin receptor early endogenous ligand [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:48925] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000248329 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | apelin receptor early endogenous ligand, ELABELA, toddler |
| Synonyms | apelin receptor early endogenous ligand, Ela, ELA32, Elabela, Ende, Gm10664, LOC100912649 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human APELA often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- G-protein-coupled receptor binding
- hormone
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- diabetes mellitus
- edema
- growth failure
- congestion
- proteinuria
role in cell
- formation in
- expression in
- phosphorylation in
- production in
- molecular cleavage in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human APELA gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- placenta blood vessel development
- apelin receptor signaling pathway
- endoderm development
- mesendoderm migration
- cell migration involved in mesendoderm migration
- coronary vasculature development
- vasculogenesis
- embryonic heart tube development
- positive regulation of heart contraction
- positive regulation of angiogenesis
- adult heart development
- heart development
- angiogenesis
- positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
- mesoderm migration involved in gastrulation
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular space
- extracellular region
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- apelin receptor binding
- hormone activity