HDAC4 Gene Summary [Human]
Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and developmental events. Histone acetylation/deacetylation alters chromosome structure and affects transcription factor access to DNA. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to class II of the histone deacetylase/acuc/apha family. It possesses histone deacetylase activity and represses transcription when tethered to a promoter. This protein does not bind DNA directly, but through transcription factors MEF2C and MEF2D. It seems to interact in a multiprotein complex with RbAp48 and HDAC3. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | HDAC4 |
| Official Name | histone deacetylase 4 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:14063] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000068024 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | histone deacetylase 4 |
| Synonyms | 4932408F19, 4932408F19Rik, AHO3, BDMR, HA6116, HD4, HDAC-A, histone deacetylase 4, MELOE, MGC16025, NEDCHF, NEDCHID |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human HDAC4 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- CtBP binding domain
- transcription regulator
- transcription co-repressor
- transcription factor binding
- chromatin binding
- glutamine-rich domain
- Hdac domain
- identical protein binding
- protein deacetylase activity
- zinc ion binding
- ClassIIa_HDAC_Gln-rich-N
- histone deacetylase
- CaMK phosphorylation site
- MEF2 binding domain
- histone binding
- SUMO transferase activity
- protein kinase binding
- nucleic acid binding
- metal ion binding
- histone deacetylase binding
- protein binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding
- DNA binding
- Arginase-like and histone-like hydrolases
- double-stranded DNA binding
- transcription factor activity
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the HDAC4 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- Adipogenesis pathway
- Apelin Endothelial Signaling Pathway
- Bladder Cancer Signaling
- Calcium Signaling
- Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Signaling
- Cyclins and Cell Cycle Regulation
- Glioma Signaling
- Hereditary Breast Cancer Signaling
- Huntington's Disease Signaling
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
- Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Signaling
- Osteoarthritis Pathway
- Ovarian Cancer Signaling
- Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Signaling
- Prostate Cancer Signaling
- Role of NFAT in Cardiac Hypertrophy
- Small Cell Lung Cancer Signaling
- Telomerase Signaling
- Xenobiotic Metabolism Signaling
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- major depression
- metastasis
- weight loss
- breast carcinoma
- pervasive developmental disorder
- schizophrenia
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- bipolar disorder
- obesity
role in cell
- expression in
- apoptosis
- proliferation
- phosphorylation in
- binding in
- growth
- activation
- production in
- cell death
- migration
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Nucleus
- nuclear fraction
- Cytoplasm
- actin cytoskeleton
- sarcomere
- cytosol
- nuclear foci
- nucleoplasm
- nuclear bodies
- nuclear rim
- nuclear speckles
- neuromuscular junctions
- Z line
- chromatin
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human HDAC4 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- protein sumoylation
- positive regulation of cell proliferation
- nervous system development
- negative regulation of glycolysis
- B cell activation
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
- negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- inflammatory response
- chromatin remodeling
- regulation of protein binding
- positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- positive regulation of protein sumoylation
- peptidyl-lysine deacetylation
- negative regulation of myotube differentiation
- cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress
- response to denervation involved in regulation of muscle adaptation
- negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic
- B cell differentiation
- protein deacetylation
- negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
- type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway
- negative regulation of transcription by competitive promoter binding
- response to interleukin-1
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- nuclear speck
- transcriptional repressor complex
- histone deacetylase complex
- cytosol
- chromatin
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- identical protein binding
- zinc ion binding
- histone deacetylase binding
- RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding
- transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
- protein binding
- potassium ion binding
- histone deacetylase activity
- histone binding
- protein deacetylase activity
- binding, bridging
- SUMO ligase activity