APOH Gene Summary [Human]
Apolipoprotein H, also known as beta-2-glycoprotein I, is a component of circulating plasma lipoproteins. It has been implicated in a variety of physiologic pathways including lipoprotein metabolism, coagulation, hemostasis, and the production of antiphospholipid autoantibodies. APOH may be a required cofactor for anionic phospholipid binding by the antiphospholipid autoantibodies found in sera of many patients with lupus and primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The anti-beta (2) glycoprotein I antibodies from APS patients, mediate inhibition of activated protein C which has anticoagulant properties. Because beta-2-GPI is the main autoantigen in patients with APS, the disruption of this pathway by autoantibodies may be an important mechanism for thrombosis in patients with APS.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2019]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | APOH |
| Official Name | apolipoprotein H [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:616] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000091583 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | apolipoprotein H, beta-2-glycoprotein I |
| Synonyms | Apolipoprotein H, B2G1, B2GP1, B2GPI, beta 2 GLYCOPROTEIN I, Beta 2-GPI, BG, β 2 glycoprotein 1, β 2 GLYCOPROTEIN I, β-2-GPI |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human APOH often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- phospholipid binding
- lipid binding
- enzyme binding
- Beta-2-glycoprotein-1 fifth domain
- protein binding
- V domain
- enzyme activator activity
- identical protein binding
- CCP
- domain I
- Sushi repeat (SCR repeat)
- SUSHI repeat
- transporter
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the APOH gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- coronary artery disease
- diabetes mellitus
- thrombosis
- lipoprotein lipase deficiency
- stroke
- diabetic nephropathy
- atherosclerosis
- acute bronchitis
- ischemia
- COVID-19
role in cell
- proliferation
- production in
- expression in
- activation
- activation in
- binding in
- phosphorylation in
- binding
- adhesion
- migration
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
- secretory granule lumen
- cell surface
- Nucleus
- membrane rafts
- plasma
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human APOH gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- negative regulation of angiogenesis
- negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process
- positive regulation of blood coagulation
- negative regulation of fibrinolysis
- negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process
- negative regulation of blood coagulation
- regulation of fibrinolysis
- triglyceride transport
- blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway
- triglyceride metabolic process
- plasminogen activation
- negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
- negative regulation of endothelial cell migration
- positive regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- very-low-density lipoprotein particle
- extracellular space
- chylomicron
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- high-density lipoprotein particle
- platelet dense granule lumen
- extracellular region
- cell surface
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- identical protein binding
- protein binding
- lipoprotein lipase activator activity
- heparin binding
- lipid binding
- phospholipid binding