PSME1 Gene Summary [Human]
The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. The immunoproteasome contains an alternate regulator, referred to as the 11S regulator or PA28, that replaces the 19S regulator. Three subunits (alpha, beta and gamma) of the 11S regulator have been identified. This gene encodes the alpha subunit of the 11S regulator, one of the two 11S subunits that is induced by gamma-interferon. Three alpha and three beta subunits combine to form a heterohexameric ring. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | PSME1 |
| Official Name | proteasome activator subunit 1 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:9568] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000092010 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | proteasome activator subunit 1 |
| Synonyms | 11S PROTEASOME alpha subunit, 11S PROTEASOME α subunit, HEL-S-129m, IFI5111, PA28A, PA28alpha, Pa28 α, protease (prosome) 28 subunit, alpha, protease (prosome) 28 subunit, α, Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit, Proteasome activator pa28 α subunit, proteasome activator subunit 1, Proteasome (prosome, macropain) 28 subunit, alpha, Proteasome (prosome, macropain) 28 subunit, α, proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 1 (PA28 alpha), proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 1 (PA28 α), REGalpha |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human PSME1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- protein binding
- enzyme regulator activity
- protease activator
- Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit
- Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- cytosol
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human PSME1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process
- regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
- antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen
- positive regulation of endopeptidase activity
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- cytoplasm
- cytosol
- proteasome complex
- proteasome activator complex
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- endopeptidase activator activity
- protein binding