TLR8 Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is predominantly expressed in lung and peripheral blood leukocytes, and lies in close proximity to another family member, TLR7, on chromosome X. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | TLR8 |
| Official Name | toll like receptor 8 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:15632] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000101916 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | toll like receptor 8 |
| Synonyms | CD288, hTLR8, IMD98, toll-like receptor 8 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human TLR8 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- extracellular domain
- Box motif
- protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 42
- ectodomain
- SEFIR domain
- Leucine rich repeat
- Leucine rich repeat C-terminal domain
- protein binding
- TIR domain
- identical protein binding
- single-stranded RNA binding
- DNA binding
- RNA binding
- transmembrane domain
- double-stranded RNA binding
- intracellular domain
- transmembrane receptor
- cysteine rich domain
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the TLR8 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- Altered T Cell and B Cell Signaling in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Colorectal Cancer Metastasis Signaling
- Communication between Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells
- Neuroinflammation Signaling Pathway
- NF-κB Signaling
- Phagosome Formation
- Role of Macrophages, Fibroblasts and Endothelial Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Recognition of Bacteria and Viruses
- Toll-like Receptor Signaling
- TREM1 Signaling
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- autoimmune disease
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- diabetes mellitus
- infection
- rheumatoid arthritis
- chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- neonatal late-onset sepsis
- perianal wart
- actinic keratosis
role in cell
- expression in
- phosphorylation in
- activation in
- replication in
- recruitment in
- binding in
- production in
- transcription in
- activation
- maturation
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- intracellular compartment
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- intracellular space
- membrane surface
- cellular membrane
- endosomes
- lysosome
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- cytosol
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- plasma membrane extracellular face
- Golgi membrane
- lysosome membrane
- endosomal compartment
- endosomal membrane
- late endosomes
- endolysosomes
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human TLR8 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade
- response to virus
- I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade
- toll-like receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of interferon-alpha production
- inflammatory response
- cellular response to mechanical stimulus
- positive regulation of interleukin-8 production
- positive regulation of innate immune response
- regulation of protein phosphorylation
- positive regulation of interferon-beta production
- innate immune response
- immunoglobulin mediated immune response
- positive regulation of interferon-gamma production
- defense response to virus
- toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway
- negative regulation of interleukin-12 production
- positive regulation of interleukin-6 production
- positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- endolysosome membrane
- external side of plasma membrane
- endosome membrane
- Golgi membrane
- plasma membrane
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- DNA binding
- RNA binding
- double-stranded RNA binding
- signaling receptor activity
- single-stranded RNA binding