THRA Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear hormone receptor for triiodothyronine. It is one of the several receptors for thyroid hormone, and has been shown to mediate the biological activities of thyroid hormone. Knockout studies in mice suggest that the different receptors, while having certain extent of redundancy, may mediate different functions of thyroid hormone. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | THRA |
| Official Name | thyroid hormone receptor alpha [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:11796] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000126351 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | thyroid hormone receptor alpha |
| Synonyms | 6430529J03Rik, AR7, c-erbA, c-ERBA-1, c-erbA-alpha, c-erbA-α, CHNG6, EAR7, ERBA, ERBA1, ERB-T-1, NR1A1, Rvr, T3R[a], T3Ralpha, T3r α, Thra1, THRalpha, THRalpha1, THRalpha2, Thr α, thyroid hormone receptor alpha, Thyroid hormone receptor α, TRalpha, TR α |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human THRA often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- DNA-binding domain of nuclear receptors is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers
- A/B region
- transcription factor binding
- AF-2 transcription activation domain
- chromatin binding
- TATA-binding protein binding
- nuclear receptor ligand binding domain
- RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
- P-box
- ligand-binding domain
- ligand-dependent nuclear receptor
- hormone binding
- DNA binding domain
- nucleic acid binding
- protein domain specific binding
- protein binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding
- single-stranded RNA binding
- DNA binding
- binding protein
- double-stranded DNA binding
- protein homodimerization
- hinge domain
- thyroid hormone receptor binding domain
- zinc finger domain
- Ligand-binding domain of nuclear hormone receptor
- transcription factor activity
- RNA-binding domain
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the THRA gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- acute myocardial infarction
- congestive heart failure
- heart failure
- metastasis
- obesity
- hepatic steatosis
- dyslipidemia
- hyperlipidemia
- coronary disease
- COVID-19
role in cell
- expression in
- migration
- differentiation
- apoptosis
- phosphorylation in
- proliferation
- production in
- quantity
- activation in
- transactivation in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Nucleus
- myelin enriched fraction
- nuclear fraction
- Cytoplasm
- perinuclear region
- Mitochondria
- cytosol
- basolateral membrane
- nucleoplasm
- chromatin
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human THRA gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of female receptivity
- transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- learning or memory
- hormone-mediated signaling pathway
- negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- response to cold
- regulation of lipid catabolic process
- retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway
- cartilage condensation
- negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- ossification
- Type I pneumocyte differentiation
- female courtship behavior
- regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process
- regulation of heart contraction
- thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway
- regulation of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway
- regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- erythrocyte differentiation
- thyroid gland development
- cell differentiation
- negative regulation of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly
- negative regulation of transcription initiation, DNA-dependent
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- cytosol
- chromatin
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- chromatin DNA binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
- zinc ion binding
- protein domain specific binding
- protein binding
- ligand-activated sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity
- RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding
- thyroid hormone binding
- transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
- TBP-class protein binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity