ADORA2A Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a member of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, which is subdivided into classes and subtypes. The receptors are seven-pass transmembrane proteins that respond to extracellular cues and activate intracellular signal transduction pathways. This protein, an adenosine receptor of A2A subtype, uses adenosine as the preferred endogenous agonist and preferentially interacts with the G(s) and G(olf) family of G proteins to increase intracellular cAMP levels. It plays an important role in many biological functions, such as cardiac rhythm and circulation, cerebral and renal blood flow, immune function, pain regulation, and sleep. It has been implicated in pathophysiological conditions such as inflammatory diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A read-through transcript composed of the upstream SPECC1L (sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1-like) and ADORA2A (adenosine A2a receptor) gene sequence has been identified, but it is thought to be non-coding. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2013]
Details
| Type | Processed Transcript |
| Official Symbol | ADORA2A |
| Official Name | adenosine A2a receptor [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:263] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000128271 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | adenosine A2a receptor |
| Synonyms | A2a adenosine receptor, A2AAR, A2AR, A(2A) receptor, A2A receptor, AA2AR, Ad2a, ADENO, ADENOSINE A2A receptor, ADENOSINE receptor A2A, ADORA2, Adora2l1, ARA2A, RDC8 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human ADORA2A often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- G-protein coupled receptor
- lipid binding
- G-protein coupled adenosine receptor
- calmodulin binding
- actinin binding
- G-protein-coupled receptor binding
- enzyme binding
- protein binding
- receptor binding
- identical protein binding
- seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily
- binding protein
- transmembrane domain
- extracellular loop
- 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)
- tail domain
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the ADORA2A gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
binds
- HRH3
- adenosine
- 4-amino-6-(4-methoxybenzylamino)-2-phenyl-2H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one
- 2-(furan-2-yl)-N5-(((R)-1-((5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]-triazine-5,7-diamine
- DRD2
- 5-N-ethylcarboxamido adenosine
- CHN1
- GRM
- 5-amino-8-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-(2-furyl)pyrazolo(4,3-e)-1,2,4-triazolo(1,5-c)pyrimidine
- ZM 241385
disease
- neoplasia
- cancer
- non-small cell lung cancer
- rheumatoid arthritis
- ulcerative colitis
- COVID-19
- Crohn disease
- fibrosis
- hyperplasia
- hepatic steatosis
role in cell
- expression in
- differentiation
- proliferation
- cellular infiltration
- production in
- accumulation in
- apoptosis
- phosphorylation in
- inhibition
- activation in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- membrane fraction
- presynaptic active zone
- extrasynaptic compartment
- glutaminergic synapse
- presynaptic regions
- cell surface
- Extracellular Space
- postsynaptic region
- cellular membrane
- intermediate filaments
- presynaptic membrane
- postsynaptic membrane
- plasma membrane projections
- Golgi membrane
- dendritic spines
- neuromuscular junctions
- axonal membrane
- nerve ending
- dendrite initial segments
- synaptosomes
- synapse
- perikaryon
- axons
- dendrites
- postsynaptic density
- presynaptic terminals
- presynaptic dense projection
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human ADORA2A gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- regulation of norepinephrine secretion
- inflammatory response
- regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential
- apoptotic process
- regulation of calcium ion transport
- positive regulation of protein secretion
- positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
- positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep
- regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential
- negative regulation of inflammatory response
- response to purine-containing compound
- cell-cell signaling
- adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- negative regulation of vascular permeability
- cellular defense response
- central nervous system development
- regulation of inhibitory postsynaptic membrane potential
- membrane depolarization
- synaptic transmission, cholinergic
- positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic
- positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation
- negative regulation of cell proliferation
- neuron projection morphogenesis
- apoptotic signaling pathway
- blood coagulation
- response to xenobiotic stimulus
- vasodilation
- eating behavior
- negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process
- negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation
- astrocyte activation
- synaptic transmission, dopaminergic
- locomotory behavior
- positive regulation of urine volume
- prepulse inhibition
- positive regulation of acetylcholine secretion
- blood circulation
- regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- sensory perception
- adenosine receptor signaling pathway
- response to amphetamine
- phagocytosis
- response to caffeine
- positive regulation of glutamate secretion
- positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
- synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- presynaptic membrane
- dendrite
- presynaptic active zone
- postsynaptic membrane
- membrane
- asymmetric synapse
- axolemma
- intermediate filament
- neuronal cell body
- plasma membrane
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor binding
- identical protein binding
- calmodulin binding
- protein binding
- alpha-actinin binding
- lipid binding
- G-protein coupled adenosine receptor activity
- enzyme binding