ARNTL Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is a basic helix-loop-helix protein that forms a heterodimer with CLOCK. This heterodimer binds E-box enhancer elements upstream of Period (PER1, PER2, PER3) and Cryptochrome (CRY1, CRY2) genes and activates transcription of these genes. PER and CRY proteins heterodimerize and repress their own transcription by interacting in a feedback loop with CLOCK/ARNTL complexes. Defects in this gene have been linked to infertility, problems with gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis, and altered sleep patterns. The protein regulates interferon-stimulated gene expression and is an important factor in viral infection, including COVID-19. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2021]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | ARNTL |
| Official Name | aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:701] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000133794 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like, brain and muscle ARNT-like 1, basic helix-loop-helix family member e5, PAS domain containing 3, member of PAS superfamily 3 |
| Synonyms | Arnt3, ARNTL, ARNTL1, basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 1, bHLHe5, BMAL1b, bmal1b', BMAL1c, JAP3, MOP3, PASD3, TIC |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human ARNTL often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific binding transcriptional activator activity
- disorder 1 domain of mammalian ARNTL
- transcription regulator
- nucleic acid binding
- PAS domain S-box
- heat shock protein binding
- PAS
- basic Helix Loop Helix (bHLH) domain superfamily
- transcription cofactor
- transcription factor binding
- protein binding
- basic helix loop helix/Per Arnt Sim domain
- sequence-specific DNA binding
- PAS fold
- DNA binding
- RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
- aryl hydrocarbon receptor binding
- PAS domain
- double-stranded DNA binding
- helix loop helix domain
- PAS A-subdomain
- Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domain
- transcription factor activity
- protein heterodimerization
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the ARNTL gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- COVID-19
- schizophrenia
- neurotic disorder
- epithelial cancer
- epithelial neoplasia
- cancer
- liver neoplasia
- neoplasia
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- obesity
role in cell
- expression in
- activation in
- phosphorylation in
- production in
- differentiation
- size
- quantity
- number
- chondrogenesis
- cellular subpopulation ratio
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Nucleus
- interchromatin granule cluster fractions
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- Cytoplasm
- cytosol
- sister chromatids
- nucleoplasm
- nuclear bodies
- chromatin
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human ARNTL gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- positive regulation of circadian rhythm
- regulation of hair cycle
- regulation of insulin secretion
- circadian regulation of gene expression
- negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- energy homeostasis
- regulation of cell cycle
- negative regulation of TOR signaling cascade
- regulation of cellular senescence
- oxidative stress-induced premature senescence
- spermatogenesis
- regulation of type B pancreatic cell development
- negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
- positive regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway
- regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- circadian rhythm
- regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- response to redox state
- proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
- positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation
- regulation of neurogenesis
- negative regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- chromatoid body
- PML body
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex
- chromatin
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- DNA binding
- protein binding
- transcription cofactor activity
- aryl hydrocarbon receptor binding
- RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding
- transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding
- Hsp90 protein binding
- protein dimerization activity
- E-box binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity