GLS2 Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is a mitochondrial phosphate-activated glutaminase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to stoichiometric amounts of glutamate and ammonia. Originally thought to be liver-specific, this protein has been found in other tissues as well. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]
Details
| Type | Retained Intron |
| Official Symbol | GLS2 |
| Official Name | glutaminase 2 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:29570] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000135423 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | glutaminase 2 |
| Synonyms | A330074B06Rik, GA, GLS, glutaminase 2, glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial), hLGA, LGA, PAG, PDG |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human GLS2 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- glutaminase
- Ankyrin repeats (many copies)
- EF-hand domain
- Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)
- PRK00971
- enzyme
- protein binding
- Ankyrin repeat
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- epithelial cancer
- organismal death
- hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma
- liver cancer
- pervasive developmental disorder
- side effect
- glioblastoma
- glioblastoma cancer
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- insulin resistance
regulates
- reactive oxygen species
- glutathione
- GCG
- insulin
- glutamine
- D-glucose
- adenosine triphosphate
- amino acids
- 2-oxoglutaric acid
- L-glutamic acid
role in cell
- production in
- apoptosis
- cell death
- growth
- colony formation
- generation in
- glutaminolysis in
- mitochondrial respiration in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- mitochondrial matrix
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human GLS2 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- reactive oxygen species metabolic process
- glutamate biosynthetic process
- cellular amino acid metabolic process
- regulation of apoptotic process
- glutamine catabolic process
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- mitochondrial matrix
- mitochondrion
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- glutaminase activity
- protein binding