PF4 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a member of the CXC chemokine family. This chemokine is released from the alpha granules of activated platelets in the form of a homotetramer which has high affinity for heparin and is involved in platelet aggregation. This protein is chemotactic for numerous other cell type and also functions as an inhibitor of hematopoiesis, angiogenesis and T-cell function. The protein also exhibits antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium falciparum. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | PF4 |
| Official Name | platelet factor 4 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:8861] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000163737 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | platelet factor 4, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4 |
| Synonyms | CXCL4, LOC360918, Pf4a, platelet factor 4, RATPF4A, SCYB4 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human PF4 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- lysine rich domain
- chemokine
- Small cytokines (intecrine/chemokine), interleukin-8 like
- CXCR3 chemokine receptor binding
- heparin binding domain
- receptor agonist activity
- protein binding
- DLQ domain
- cytokine
- heparin binding
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the PF4 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- depressive disorder
- plasma cell myeloma
- fibrosis
- Alzheimer disease
- myelodysplastic syndrome
- arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction, cholestasis
- ventilator-induced lung injury
- glioma formation
- clear cell ovarian cancer
- complete testicular feminization syndrome
role in cell
- expression in
- migration
- differentiation
- chemotaxis
- apoptosis
- proliferation
- survival
- morphology
- binding in
- activation in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- vacuole
- vesicles
- granules
- alpha granules
- plasma
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human PF4 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand
- negative regulation of angiogenesis
- negative regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process
- negative regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation
- adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- regulation of cell proliferation
- defense response to protozoan
- killing by host of symbiont cells
- inflammatory response
- cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
- positive regulation of macrophage differentiation
- monocyte chemotaxis
- positive regulation of gene expression
- chemokine-mediated signaling pathway
- cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
- neutrophil chemotaxis
- positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
- positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
- leukocyte chemotaxis
- platelet activation
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- platelet alpha granule lumen
- extracellular space
- cytoplasm
- extracellular region
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- protein binding
- CXCR chemokine receptor binding
- heparin binding
- CXCR3 chemokine receptor binding
- chemokine activity