GPER1 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a multi-pass membrane protein that localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and a member of the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. This receptor binds estrogen and activates multiple downstream signaling pathways, leading to stimulation of adenylate cyclase and an increase in cyclic AMP levels, while also promoting intracellular calcium mobilization and synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate in the nucleus. This protein therefore plays a role in the rapid nongenomic signaling events widely observed following stimulation of cells and tissues with estrogen. This receptor has been shown to play a role in diverse biological processes, including bone and nervous system development, metabolism, cognition, male fertility and uterine function. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | GPER1 |
| Official Name | G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:4485] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000164850 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 |
| Synonyms | 6330420K13Rik, CEPR, CEPRL, CMKRL2, DRY12, FEG-1, GPCR-Br, GPER, GPR30, GPR41, G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1, LERGU, LyGPR, mER |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human GPER1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- G-protein coupled receptor
- hormone binding
- Cholecystokinin A receptor, N-terminal
- Class I PDZ binding motif
- estrogen receptor
- 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)
- chromatin binding
- protein binding
- seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily
- steroid binding
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the GPER1 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- hypertension
- breast cancer
- colon adenocarcinoma
- rectum cancer
- rectal adenocarcinoma
- gastric adenocarcinoma
- neoplasia
- esophageal adenocarcinoma
- Alzheimer disease
role in cell
- growth
- expression in
- differentiation
- synthesis in
- activation
- proliferation
- apoptosis
- phosphorylation in
- activation in
- production in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- microsomal fraction
- plasma membrane fraction
- cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- intracellular space
- perisynaptic region
- perinuclear region
- cellular membrane
- Nucleus
- endosomes
- vesicles
- Golgi Apparatus
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Mitochondria
- microtubules
- cytosol
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- presynaptic membrane
- caveolae
- trans Golgi network
- mitochondrial membrane
- nucleoplasm
- nucleoli
- nuclear envelope
- dendritic spines
- dendritic spine head
- dendrite initial segments
- synaptosomes
- synapse
- recycling endosomes
- early endosomes
- keratin intermediate filaments
- perikaryon
- axons
- dendrites
- postsynaptic density
- axon terminals
- dendritic shafts
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human GPER1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- inflammatory response
- cellular response to glucose stimulus
- cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus
- nuclear fragmentation involved in apoptotic nuclear change
- apoptotic chromosome condensation
- positive regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process
- regulation of cell cycle
- positive regulation of inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process
- G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- negative regulation of inflammatory response
- adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- negative regulation of leukocyte activation
- positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
- negative regulation of gene expression
- negative regulation of cell cycle process
- positive regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction
- negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process
- positive regulation of cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation
- positive regulation of gene expression
- positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretion
- positive regulation of neurogenesis
- positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade
- positive regulation of cell migration
- negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade
- negative regulation of cell proliferation
- positive regulation of cell proliferation
- positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- nervous system development
- vasodilation
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway
- positive regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
- cellular response to estradiol stimulus
- cellular response to tumor necrosis factor
- positive regulation of insulin secretion
- regulation of action potential in neuron
- positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria
- cytosolic calcium ion homeostasis
- negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
- positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
- positive regulation of MAPK cascade
- elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
- intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway
- innate immune response
- negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
- positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
- positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
- positive regulation of apoptotic process
- cell differentiation
- positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
- cellular response to mineralocorticoid stimulus
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- presynaptic membrane
- postsynaptic density
- dendritic spine membrane
- Golgi apparatus
- Golgi membrane
- nucleolus
- nucleoplasm
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- dendrite
- early endosome
- trans-Golgi network
- keratin filament
- presynaptic active zone
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- dendritic shaft
- cytosol
- axon
- endoplasmic reticulum
- plasma membrane
- axon terminus
- dendritic spine head
- nuclear envelope
- nucleus
- cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
- perinuclear region of cytoplasm
- mitochondrial membrane
- cytoplasm
- recycling endosome
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- G-protein coupled receptor activity
- protein binding
- G-protein coupled estrogen receptor activity
- estrogen receptor activity
- chromatin binding
- steroid binding