AGTR2 Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family, and functions as a receptor for angiotensin II. It is an intergral membrane protein that is highly expressed in fetus and in neonates, but scantily in adult tissues, except brain, adrenal medulla, and atretic ovary. This receptor has been shown to mediate programmed cell death and this apoptotic function may play an important role in developmental biology and pathophysiology. Mutations in this gene are been associated with X-linked cognitive disability. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2 infection results in down-regulation of angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptors, the effects of which, triggers serious inflammatory lesions in the tissues involved, primarily in the lungs. The inflammatory reaction appears to be mediated by angiotensin II derivatives, including the angiotensin AT2 receptor which has been found to be upregulated in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) patients. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | AGTR2 |
| Official Name | angiotensin II receptor type 2 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:338] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000180772 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | angiotensin II receptor type 2 |
| Synonyms | angiotensin II receptor type 2, angiotensin II receptor, type 2, Angiotensin receptor 2, AT2, AT2-R, AT2 receptor, ATGR2, AT<sub>2</sub>R, MRX88 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human AGTR2 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- G-protein coupled receptor
- intracellular loop
- Cholecystokinin A receptor, N-terminal
- angiotensin type II receptor
- cytoplasmic domain
- receptor antagonist activity
- cytoplasmic loop
- 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)
- protein binding
- seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the AGTR2 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- cognitive impairment
- cystic fibrosis
- hypertension
- neoplasia
- cardiac hypertrophy
- dilation of ureter
- aortic valve stenosis
- heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
- cardiotoxicity
- COVID-19
role in cell
- expression in
- differentiation
- proliferation
- apoptosis
- phosphorylation in
- quantity
- size
- growth
- migration
- cell death
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- membrane fraction
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- perinuclear region
- cellular membrane
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- cytosol
- mitochondrial inner membrane
- cytosolic fraction
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human AGTR2 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- exploration behavior
- G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway coupled to cGMP nucleotide second messenger
- vasodilation
- regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by circulatory renin-angiotensin
- inflammatory response
- negative regulation of nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- negative regulation of cell growth
- positive regulation of metanephric glomerulus development
- positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- negative regulation of heart rate
- neuron apoptotic process
- negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
- G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- angiotensin-mediated signaling pathway
- cell surface receptor signaling pathway
- brain development
- vasodilation by angiotensin involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure
- regulation of blood pressure
- brain renin-angiotensin system
- nitric oxide-cGMP-mediated signaling pathway
- positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
- blood vessel remodeling
- positive regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity
- positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
- regulation of metanephros size
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- plasma membrane
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- protein binding
- angiotensin type II receptor activity
- receptor antagonist activity