GSTA1 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a member of a family of enzymes that function to add glutathione to target electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins, and products of oxidative stress. This action is an important step in detoxification of these compounds. This subfamily of enzymes has a particular role in protecting cells from reactive oxygen species and the products of peroxidation. Polymorphisms in this gene influence the ability of individuals to metabolize different drugs. This gene is located in a cluster of similar genes and pseudogenes on chromosome 6. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | GSTA1 |
| Official Name | glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:4626] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000243955 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 |
| Synonyms | glutathione S-transferase alpha 1, glutathione S-transferase α 1, GST2, GSTA1-1, GST-epsilon, GST-ε, GTH1 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human GSTA1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain
- C-terminal, alpha helical domain of the Glutathione S-transferase family
- Glutathione S-transferase, N-terminal domain
- glutathione transferase
- fatty acid binding
- steroid D-isomerase
- Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold
- enzyme
- glutathione peroxidase
- protein binding
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the GSTA1 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- endometriosis
- acidosis
- chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
- chromophobe renal cancer
- keratocystic odontogenic tumor
- keratocystic odontogenic tumors
- liver disease
role in cell
- cell death
- production in
- apoptosis
- phosphorylation in
- activation in
- cytotoxicity
- protection
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- cytosol
- plasma
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human GSTA1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- epithelial cell differentiation
- glutathione metabolic process
- xenobiotic metabolic process
- linoleic acid metabolic process
- prostaglandin metabolic process
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- cytosol
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- fatty acid binding
- glutathione peroxidase activity
- steroid delta-isomerase activity
- glutathione transferase activity