PRLR Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a receptor for the anterior pituitary hormone, prolactin, and belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Prolactin-dependent signaling occurs as the result of ligand-induced dimerization of the prolactin receptor. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different membrane-bound and soluble isoforms have been described for this gene, which may function to modulate the endocrine and autocrine effects of prolactin in normal tissue and cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | PRLR |
| Official Name | prolactin receptor [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:9446] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000113494 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | prolactin receptor |
| Synonyms | AI987712, FLJ11027, HPRL, hPRLrI, MFAB, Pr-1, Pr-3, Prlr intermediate, Prlr-rs1, Prlr short, ProlactinR, prolactin receptor, RATPRLR, RI-PRLR |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human PRLR often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- extracellular domain
- lipid binding
- protein kinase binding
- prolactin receptor
- intracellular signaling domain
- protein binding
- Fibronectin type 3 domain
- polypeptide hormone binding
- phosphorylation site
- N-linked glycosylation site
- FN3
- ligand-binding domain
- transmembrane domain
- extracellular ligand binding domain
- intracellular domain
- transmembrane receptor
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the PRLR gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- serous ovarian cancer
- epithelial ovarian cancer
- clear cell ovarian cancer
- metastasis
- endometrial carcinoma
- renal clear cell adenocarcinoma
- renal clear cell cancer
- hyperprolactinemia
- epithelial cancer
- epithelial neoplasia
role in cell
- migration
- apoptosis
- expression in
- transactivation in
- proliferation
- growth
- formation
- phosphorylation in
- activation in
- adhesion
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- microsomal fraction
- nuclear fraction
- membrane vesicles
- membrane fraction
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- intracellular space
- perinuclear region
- cellular membrane
- Nucleus
- endosomes
- vesicles
- Golgi Apparatus
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- cytosol
- apical membrane
- basal membrane
- sperm tail
- sperm head
- late endosomes
- cytoplasmic vesicles
- rough endoplasmatic reticulum
- perikaryon
- plasma
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human PRLR gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- activation of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity
- activation of Janus kinase activity
- positive regulation of cell proliferation
- prolactin signaling pathway
- lactation
- prostate gland growth
- steroid biosynthetic process
- mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation
- embryo implantation
- JAK-STAT cascade
- cellular response to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus
- response to bacterium
- positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation
- regulation of epithelial cell differentiation
- mammary gland alveolus development
- negative regulation of apoptotic process
- cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
- positive regulation of B cell proliferation
- regulation of cell adhesion
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- endosome lumen
- external side of plasma membrane
- receptor complex
- extracellular region
- plasma membrane
- cell surface
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- protein kinase binding
- protein binding
- metal ion binding
- prolactin receptor activity
- peptide hormone binding
- lipid binding
- cytokine binding