CLU Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is a secreted chaperone that can under some stress conditions also be found in the cell cytosol. It has been suggested to be involved in several basic biological events such as cell death, tumor progression, and neurodegenerative disorders. Alternate splicing results in both coding and non-coding variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2011]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | CLU |
| Official Name | clusterin [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:2095] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000120885 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | clusterin, complement lysis inhibitor, sulfated glycoprotein 2, testosterone-repressed prostate message 2, apolipoprotein J |
| Synonyms | AAG4, APO-J, CLI, CLUSTERIN, COMPLEMENT CYTOLYSIS INHIBITOR, D14Ucla3, DAG, Gp80, KUB1, NA1/NA2, RATTRPM2B, SGP-2, SP-40, Sugp-2, Sulfated glycoprotein 2, sulphated glycoprotein 2, TRPM-2, TRPM2B, Trpmb |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human CLU often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- ubiquitin protein ligase binding
- Clusterin
- CLUSTERIN Beta chain
- nuclear localization sequence
- signal peptide
- Ku70 protein binding domain
- coiled-coil domain
- low-density lipoprotein receptor binding
- protein binding
- receptor binding
- beta-amyloid binding
- CLUSTERIN alpha chain
- binding protein
- tau protein binding
- receptor agonist activity
- chaperone binding
- protein heterodimerization
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the CLU gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- metastasis
- cancer
- infection
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- hepatic steatosis
- fibrosis
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- systemic sclerosis
- lattice corneal dystrophy type I
role in cell
- survival
- apoptosis
- cell viability
- cell death
- expression in
- clearance
- activation in
- quantity
- growth
- proliferation
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- pH resistant lipid raft fraction
- detergent resistant lipid raft fraction
- aggresome
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- endomembrane system
- cytoskeleton
- cell surface
- Extracellular Space
- cell periphery
- intracellular space
- apical compartment
- perinuclear region
- cellular membrane
- Nucleus
- vacuole
- Plasma Membrane
- endosomes
- vesicles
- Golgi Apparatus
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Mitochondria
- granules
- cytosol
- stereocilia
- apical cell surfaces
- endoplasmic reticulum lumen
- mitochondrial inner membrane
- alpha granules
- synaptic vesicles
- growth cone
- synapse
- secretory vesicles
- apical vesicles
- secretory granules
- extracellular matrix
- perikaryon
- dendrites
- exosomes
- plasma
- basement membrane
- apical processes
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human CLU gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
- positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
- chaperone-mediated protein folding
- response to virus
- positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
- negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process
- complement activation
- immune complex clearance
- reverse cholesterol transport
- complement activation, classical pathway
- negative regulation of protein complex assembly
- positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
- positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis
- positive regulation of protein complex assembly
- response to misfolded protein
- negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria
- central nervous system myelin maintenance
- cell morphogenesis
- regulation of beta-amyloid clearance
- regulation of apoptotic process
- regulation of cell proliferation
- microglial cell activation
- positive regulation of gene expression
- innate immune response
- positive regulation of apoptotic process
- lipid metabolic process
- chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly
- release of cytochrome c from mitochondria
- positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
- protein stabilization
- protein import
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- platelet alpha granule lumen
- chromaffin granule
- Golgi apparatus
- synapse
- extracellular region
- mitochondrial inner membrane
- cell surface
- nucleus
- extracellular space
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- perinuclear region of cytoplasm
- cytoskeleton
- cytoplasm
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- membrane
- mitochondrion
- blood microparticle
- cytosol
- macromolecular complex
- spherical high-density lipoprotein particle
- cell periphery
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- ATPase activity
- protein binding
- low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding
- ubiquitin protein ligase binding
- chaperone binding
- tau protein binding
- unfolded protein binding
- receptor binding
- beta-amyloid binding
- misfolded protein binding