FTO Gene Summary [Human]
This gene is a nuclear protein of the AlkB related non-haem iron and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenase superfamily but the exact physiological function of this gene is not known. Other non-heme iron enzymes function to reverse alkylated DNA and RNA damage by oxidative demethylation. Studies in mice and humans indicate a role in nervous and cardiovascular systems and a strong association with body mass index, obesity risk, and type 2 diabetes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | FTO |
| Official Name | FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:24678] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000140718 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase, alkB homolog 9, alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase |
| Synonyms | ALKBH9, BMIQ14, FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase, FTO, alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase, FTO α-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase, FTO, α-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase, GDFD, IFEX9, mKIAA1752, RGD1305121 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human FTO often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- ferrous iron binding
- 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase
- demethylase activity
- enzyme
- protein binding
- FTO catalytic domain
- FTO C-terminal domain
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- diabetic nephropathy
- major depression
- metabolic syndrome X
- obesity
- diabetes mellitus
- atrial fibrillation
- aortic valve disease
- cardiovascular disorder
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- knee osteoarthritis
role in cell
- signaling in
- expression in
- apoptosis
- quantity
- autophagy in
- cell viability
- proliferation
- phosphorylation in
- invasion
- expansion
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Nucleus
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- Cytoplasm
- Plasma Membrane
- cytosol
- nucleoplasm
- nuclear speckles
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human FTO gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair
- regulation of white fat cell proliferation
- regulation of brown fat cell differentiation
- mRNA destabilization
- regulation of multicellular organism growth
- snRNA processing
- regulation of respiratory system process
- temperature homeostasis
- RNA repair
- adipose tissue development
- regulation of lipid storage
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- nuclear speck
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- cytosol
- plasma membrane
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- ferrous iron binding
- oxidative RNA demethylase activity
- oxidative DNA demethylase activity
- transferase activity