TK1 Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a gamma-phosphate group to thymidine. This creates dTMP and is the first step in the biosynthesis of dTTP, which is one component required for DNA replication. The encoded protein, whose levels fluctuate depending on the cell cycle stage, can act as a low activity dimer or a high activity tetramer. High levels of this protein have been used as a biomarker for diagnosing and categorizing many types of cancers. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | TK1 |
| Official Name | thymidine kinase 1 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:11830] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000167900 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | thymidine kinase 1, cytosolic thymidine kinase |
| Synonyms | D530002A18Rik, Thymidine Kinase 1, Tk, Tk1a, Tk1b, TK2 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human TK1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- kinase
- zinc ion binding
- protein binding
- identical protein binding
- thymidine kinase
- KEN box
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- epithelial cancer
- MYC mutation positive B-cell lymphoma
- lymphomagenesis
- B cell cancer
- COVID-19
- lung adenocarcinoma
- lung adenocarcinoma formation
- soft tissue sarcoma cancer
- liver cancer
- arteritis
role in cell
- apoptosis
- expression in
- number
- proliferation
- G1 phase
- migration
- cell death
- differentiation
- accumulation in
- accumulation
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- cytosol
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human TK1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- protein homotetramerization
- thymidine biosynthetic process
- thymidine metabolic process
- deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process
- nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- cytosol
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- ATP binding
- identical protein binding
- zinc ion binding
- protein binding
- thymidine kinase activity