Gcg Gene Summary [Mouse]
This gene encodes glucagon, a pancreatic hormone that counteracts the action of insulin in the bloodstream. The encoded protein is processed to generate glucagon and two other glucagon-like peptides, GLP1 and GLP2. Glucagon stimulates gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis and lipolysis. GLP1 induces secretion of insulin, suppresses glucagon secretion and inhibits feeding. GLP2 induces intestinal absorption of glucose by stimulating the growth of intestinal cells and preventing apoptosis. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2015]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | Gcg |
| Official Name | glucagon [Source:MGI Symbol;Acc:MGI:95674] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSMUSG00000000394 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | glucagon |
| Synonyms | Glp2, Glu, glucagon, GRPP, PPG, Preproglucagon, Proglucagon |
| Species | Mouse, Mus musculus |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in mouse Gcg often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Peptide hormone
- G-protein-coupled receptor binding
- hormone
- receptor agonist activity
- protein binding
- receptor binding
- identical protein binding
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the Gcg gene in mouse plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- endometrial cancer
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- diabetes mellitus
- bronchial neuroendocrine tumor
- acromegaly
- well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor
- pheochromocytoma
- VIPoma
- polycystic liver disease
- nausea and vomiting
role in cell
- apoptosis
- mobilization in
- expression in
- survival
- cell death
- proliferation
- growth
- production in
- phosphorylation in
- activation in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- plasma membrane fraction
- membrane fraction
- secretory granule lumen
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- Extracellular Space
- cell periphery
- cellular membrane
- Nucleus
- vesicles
- granules
- endoplasmic reticulum lumen
- secretory granules
- plasma
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the mouse Gcg gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- gluconeogenesis
- G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- feeding behavior
- adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of gluconeogenesis
- positive regulation of calcium ion import
- negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis
- regulation of insulin secretion
- cellular response to glucagon stimulus
- negative regulation of apoptotic process
- protein kinase A signaling cascade
- glucose homeostasis
- positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
- positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
- response to activity
- positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus
- positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- endoplasmic reticulum lumen
- extracellular space
- secretory granule lumen
- extracellular region
- plasma membrane
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- glucagon receptor binding
- identical protein binding
- protein binding
- receptor binding
- hormone activity