Vegfa Gene Summary [Rat]
This gene is a member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. It encodes a heparin-binding protein, which exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer. This growth factor induces proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells, and is essential for both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Disruption of this gene in mice resulted in abnormal embryonic blood vessel formation. This gene is upregulated in many known tumors and its expression is correlated with tumor stage and progression. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. There is also evidence for alternative translation initiation from upstream non-AUG (CUG) codons resulting in additional isoforms. A recent study showed that a C-terminally extended isoform is produced by use of an alternative in-frame translation termination codon via a stop codon readthrough mechanism, and that this isoform is antiangiogenic. Expression of some isoforms derived from the AUG start codon is regulated by a small upstream open reading frame, which is located within an internal ribosome entry site. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | Vegfa |
| Official Name | vascular endothelial growth factor A [Source:RGD Symbol;Acc:619991] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSRNOG00000019598 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | vascular endothelial growth factor A |
| Synonyms | DIANPH, Gd-vegf, L-VEGF, MVCD1, vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGF, VEGF111, Vegf-3, VPF |
| Species | Rat, Rattus norvegicus |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in rat Vegfa often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- VEGF heparin-binding domain
- chemoattractant
- platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding
- heparin binding domain
- protein binding
- receptor binding
- vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding
- cytokine
- identical protein binding
- fibronectin binding
- growth factor
- KDR binding domain
- transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator
- receptor binding domain
- neuropilin-1 binding domain
- PDGF
- protein homodimerization
- receptor agonist activity
- Flt-1 binding domain
- loop domain
- heparin binding
- growth factor binding
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the Vegfa gene in rat plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Signaling
- Autophagy
- Bladder Cancer Signaling
- Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis Signaling
- Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Signaling
- Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Signaling
- EIF2 Signaling
- Endocannabinoid Cancer Inhibition Pathway
- eNOS Signaling
- Ephrin A Signaling
- Hepatic Fibrosis / Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation
- Hypoxia Signaling in the Cardiovascular System
- IL-6 Signaling
- ILK Signaling
- Inhibition of Angiogenesis by TSP1
- Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Signaling
- Renal Cell Carcinoma Signaling
- Role of JAK family kinases in IL-6-type Cytokine Signaling
- Role of JAK2 in Hormone-like Cytokine Signaling
- Role of Tissue Factor in Cancer
- STAT3 Pathway
- TR/RXR Activation
- VEGF Family Ligand-Receptor Interactions
- VEGF Signaling
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- atrial fibrillation
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- hypertension
- infection
- diabetes mellitus
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- neoplasia
- advanced non-small cell lung cancer
- stage IV lung squamous cell carcinoma
- advanced large cell lung carcinoma
role in cell
- migration
- invasion
- apoptosis
- differentiation
- activation in
- production in
- cell death
- organization
- binding in
- survival
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- intracellular space
- apical compartment
- membrane surface
- Nucleus
- Plasma Membrane
- vesicles
- Golgi Apparatus
- cytosol
- apical cytoplasm
- sarcoplasm
- basolateral cytoplasm
- apical cell surfaces
- perinuclear space
- alpha granules
- cytoplasmic vesicles
- secretory vesicles
- azurophil granules
- specific granules
- secretory granules
- extracellular matrix
- cellular protrusions
- cell-cell adherens junctions
- plasma
- basement membrane
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the rat Vegfa gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis by VEGF-activated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- positive chemotaxis
- mesoderm development
- sprouting angiogenesis
- cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis
- positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis
- positive regulation of angiogenesis
- neuroblast proliferation
- heart morphogenesis
- response to hypoxia
- kidney development
- in utero embryonic development
- negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
- apoptotic process
- lymphangiogenesis
- post-embryonic camera-type eye development
- cellular response to hypoxia
- monocyte differentiation
- positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
- macrophage differentiation
- vascular wound healing
- positive regulation of receptor internalization
- positive regulation of positive chemotaxis
- eye photoreceptor cell development
- positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation
- artery morphogenesis
- primitive erythrocyte differentiation
- positive regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance
- positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis
- positive regulation of vascular permeability
- positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade
- epithelial cell differentiation
- positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
- negative regulation of gene expression
- positive regulation of leukocyte migration
- vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly
- positive regulation of gene expression
- regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction
- cardiac muscle cell development
- tube formation
- positive regulation of cell migration
- negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin
- regulation of cell shape
- coronary artery morphogenesis
- positive regulation of protein kinase C signaling cascade
- positive regulation of cell proliferation
- nervous system development
- outflow tract morphogenesis
- lung vasculature development
- positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade
- lactation
- positive regulation of cell adhesion
- vasculogenesis
- vasodilation
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- positive regulation of cell proliferation by VEGF-activated platelet derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation
- bone trabecula formation
- surfactant homeostasis
- negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway
- negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
- mammary gland alveolus development
- positive regulation of cell division
- cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell development
- patterning of blood vessels
- angiogenesis
- positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis
- positive regulation of endothelial cell migration
- positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
- commissural neuron axon guidance
- positive regulation of protein complex assembly
- induction of positive chemotaxis
- lung development
- retinal ganglion cell axon guidance
- epithelial cell maturation
- negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
- vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway
- cell maturation
- positive regulation of MAPK cascade
- positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
- coronary vein morphogenesis
- ovarian follicle development
- camera-type eye morphogenesis
- dopaminergic neuron differentiation
- homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue
- negative regulation of apoptotic process
- positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
- endothelial cell proliferation
- endothelial cell chemotaxis
- positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
- cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- platelet alpha granule lumen
- secretory granule
- Golgi apparatus
- endoplasmic reticulum
- extracellular region
- cell surface
- nucleus
- extracellular space
- adherens junction
- cytoplasm
- membrane
- extracellular matrix
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- identical protein binding
- growth factor activity
- protein homodimerization activity
- vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding
- platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding
- chemoattractant activity
- receptor agonist activity
- heparin binding
- cytokine activity
- extracellular matrix binding
- vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 binding
- protein binding
- vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding
- fibronectin binding
- transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity