PTGS1 Gene Summary [Human]
This is one of two genes encoding similar enzymes that catalyze the conversion of arachidonate to prostaglandin. The encoded protein regulates angiogenesis in endothelial cells, and is inhibited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin. Based on its ability to function as both a cyclooxygenase and as a peroxidase, the encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein. The protein may promote cell proliferation during tumor progression. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2021]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | PTGS1 |
| Official Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:9604] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000095303 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1, cyclooxygenase-1 |
| Synonyms | COX1, COX3, Cyclooxygenase 1, PCOX1, PES-1, PGG/HS, PGHS-1, PGH SYNTHASE, Pgs constitutive form, PHS 1, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1, PTGHS |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human PTGS1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- acetylation site
- peroxidase
- cyclooxygenase
- Animal haem peroxidase
- enzyme
- protein binding
- Animal heme peroxidases and related proteins
- paired donor oxygen oxidoreductase
- EGF_CA
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the PTGS1 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- diabetes mellitus
- heart disease
- cardiovascular disorder
- coronary disease
- hypercholesterolemia
- atherosclerosis
- dyslipidemia
- hyperlipidemia
- ST-elevation myocardial infarction
role in cell
- apoptosis
- production in
- expression in
- activation in
- proliferation
- generation in
- induction in
- activation
- formation in
- differentiation
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- microsomal fraction
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- perinuclear region
- Golgi Apparatus
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Mitochondria
- cytosol
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- endoplasmic reticulum lumen
- inner nuclear membrane
- perinuclear space
- outer nuclear membrane
- nuclear envelope
- photoreceptor outer segments
- microsomal membrane
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human PTGS1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- response to oxidative stress
- cyclooxygenase pathway
- prostaglandin biosynthetic process
- regulation of blood pressure
- regulation of cell proliferation
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- cytoplasm
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- Golgi apparatus
- neuron projection
- photoreceptor outer segment
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- peroxidase activity
- prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
- oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen
- protein binding
- metal ion binding
- heme binding