CHGA Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family of neuroendocrine secretory proteins. It is found in secretory vesicles of neurons and endocrine cells. This gene product is a precursor to three biologically active peptides; vasostatin, pancreastatin, and parastatin. These peptides act as autocrine or paracrine negative modulators of the neuroendocrine system. Two other peptides, catestatin and chromofungin, have antimicrobial activity and antifungal activity, respectively. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | CHGA |
| Official Name | chromogranin A [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:1929] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000100604 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | chromogranin A, vasostatin, pancreastatin, parastatin, parathyroid secretory protein 1 |
| Synonyms | CGA, ChrA, CHROMOGRANIN A, LOC100360310, parathyroid secretory protein 1, PHE5, PHES, PST |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human CHGA often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- glutamine repeat domain
- Granin (chromogranin or secretogranin)
- protein binding
- dibasic site
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- prostate cancer
- neoplasia
- hypertension
- organismal death
- diabetes mellitus
- small cell lung cancer
- colorectal cancer
- ischemic injury
- androgenic alopecia
- major depression
role in cell
- expression in
- proliferation
- apoptosis
- formation
- formation in
- activation
- migration
- invasion
- degranulation
- transendothelial migration
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- exocytic vesicle
- Extracellular Space
- perinuclear region
- cellular membrane
- vesicles
- Golgi Apparatus
- neurites
- secretory granules
- perikaryon
- chromaffin vesicles
- plasma
- cytosolic fraction
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human CHGA gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction
- defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
- negative regulation of insulin secretion
- mast cell activation
- mast cell degranulation
- organelle organization
- regulation of blood pressure
- mast cell chemotaxis
- defense response to bacterium
- regulation of the force of heart contraction
- positive regulation of dense core granule biogenesis
- negative regulation of catecholamine secretion
- positive regulation of phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway
- innate immune response
- killing of cells of other organism
- protein localization in secretory granule
- defense response to fungus
- defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular space
- perinuclear region of cytoplasm
- secretory granule
- chromaffin granule
- transport vesicle
- extracellular region